Hybrid Tracheal Stent Ingestion in Malignant Central Airway Stenosis: A Case Report.

Airway stents provide symptomatic relief in malignant central airway stenosis, but carry the risk of migration, which may result in potentially lethal stent ingestion. A 22-year-old man underwent hybrid stent placement for tracheobronchial stenosis caused by an undiagnosed large mediastinal mass. Within 3 weeks after placement, following initial chemotherapy for provisionally diagnosed B-cell lymphoma, the stent migrated and was ingested.

Recellularization of decellularized vascular grafts via aligned seeding of endothelial cells derived from human iPS cells.

The development of decellularized vascular tissues for tissue engineering and vascular implants presents a promising approach to creating functional blood vessels. However, effective endothelialization with human endothelial cells remains challenging. This study examined the endothelialization of decellularized porcine aortas using human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cell-derived endothelial cells.

Nationwide Survey of Pharmacist Involvement in Managing Cancer Pain in Children.

Background: Cancer pain distresses pediatric patients, affects quality of life, and is a psychological burden for families. The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of pharmacists in assisting children with cancer pain and their families.

Methods: Between February and May 2024, a nationwide questionnaire survey was conducted among hospital pharmacists from the Japanese Society for Pharmaceutical Palliative Care and Sciences.

Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis of graphene suggesting charging and dispersion mechanism in certain organic solvents.

Background: Graphene, with its unique electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties, plays an important role in electronic devices and batteries. Current applications strongly rely on liquid-phase processing, which requires stable graphene dispersions. However, stabilizing graphene dispersions in a liquid phase remains challenging because graphene easily aggregates due to strong inter-sheet forces.

Inhibition of MMP activity and preservation of dentin collagen structure of zinc-releasing glass ionomer cement.

Objective: This study evaluated the ability of a novel zinc-releasing glass ionomer cement (GIC), Caredyne Restore (CR), to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and preserve dentin collagen integrity, compared with a conventional GIC (Fuji IX, FIX) and chlorhexidine (CHX), a widely used MMP inhibitor.

Methods: Demineralized bovine dentin beams were allocated to four groups: deionized water (negative control), CHX (positive control), FIX eluate, and CR eluate. MMP Activity was assessed before and after treatment using a colorimetric assay.

Protein-ligand affinity prediction via Jensen-Shannon divergence of molecular dynamics simulation trajectories.

Predicting the binding affinity between proteins and ligands is a critical task in drug discovery. Although various computational methods have been proposed to estimate ligand target affinity, the method of Yasuda et al. (2022) ranks affinities based on the dynamic behavior obtained from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations without requiring structural similarity among ligand substituents.

Is Transient Mixed Hearing Loss a Distinct Audiometric Feature in Patients With Inner Ear Schwannoma?

Objective: To characterize the transition of audiometric features in patients with inner ear schwannoma (IES) with a special focus on transient mixed hearing loss.

Patients: Twelve patients were clinically diagnosed with an IES.

Interventions: All patients underwent otoscopic and audiological examinations, including serial pure-tone audiometry and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.

Outcomes of patients aged 70 years or younger with aggressive ATL at core hospitals for ATL treatment in Tokyo.

Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) is one of the most intractable peripheral T-cell neoplasms caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1) infection. Recently, the incidence of HTLV-1 infection and ATL has increased in non-endemic metropolitan areas in Japan. This retrospective study evaluated the clinical features and outcomes of patients with aggressive ATL aged 70 years or younger treated at a core hospital in Tokyo between 2004 and 2016.

Deep learning-based gastrocolic trunk recognition in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy.

Background: Intraoperative bleeding from the gastrocolic trunk is a serious complication of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for right-sided colon cancer. Recognizing the gastrocolic trunk is crucial for surgical safety.

Methods: We developed and retrospectively evaluated a deep learning model that automatically recognizes the gastrocolic trunk during laparoscopic right hemicolectomy.

Amino acid-dependent TSC2 dephosphorylation by lysosome-PP2A regulates mTORC1 signaling transduction.

The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway, composed of amino acid (AA)-sensing (Ragulator/LAMTOR-Rag) and growth factor (GF)-sensing (AKT-TSC1/2-Rheb) axes, pivotally regulates intracellular anabolism and catabolism. mTORC1 deregulation is associated with various metabolic diseases, including cancer and diabetes. As a key regulator of nutrient signaling, mTORC1 integrates a variety of nutrient signals.

Changes in HIV knowledge and its determinants in low- and middle-income countries: A longitudinal study.

Objectives: HIV remains a significant public health threat in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study assessed changes in HIV knowledge and attitudes over time in LMICs.

Study Design: Longitudinal study.

Perioperative antihypertensive medications and effects on functional decline and mortality in non-cardiac surgery.

Aims: The association between perioperative antihypertensive drugs and mortality as well as physical function in non-cardiac surgeries remains unclear. We aimed to clarify the association between six antihypertensive classes and postoperative outcomes.

Methods And Results: This observational cohort study involved adults undergoing non-cardiac surgeries between 2014 and 2019 using an administrative claims database.

Macrocycles composed of biphenylene and butadiyne units with antiaromatic character.

Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of π-conjugated macrocycles, with diameters over 2.4 nanometers, composed of biphenylene and butadiyne units. Specifically, biphenylene-2,7-diyl-butadiyne-1,4-diyl (BB) macrocycles were synthesized the intermolecular Hay coupling reaction of a 2,7-diethynylbiphenylene derivative.

Rising cognitive behavioral therapy claims among Japanese youth despite population decline: A retrospective study using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims (FY 20142022).

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is reimbursed under the national insurance system of Japan, although predominantly for adults. Recent mental health crises among children and adolescents have prompted policy reforms to expand access to CBT. This study aimed to assess trends in CBT insurance claims among Japanese youth (0-19 years) from fiscal year 2014-2022 using national claims data.

Impact of surgical approaches on postoperative body weight and nutrition outcomes in cervical esophageal cancer.

Background: Cervical esophageal cancer surgery can lead to postoperative gastric issues, impairing nutritional quality of life. This study aimed to compare larynx-preserving cervical esophagectomy with free jejunal graft interposition and subtotal esophagectomy with gastric pull-up reconstruction in terms of both short-term and long-term outcomes, with a particular focus on short-term nutritional parameters.

Methods: This single-institution, retrospective study included 87 patients who underwent surgery for cervical esophageal cancer between January 2011 and December 2021.

Expanding Chemistry of Expanded Helicenes.

Expanded helicenes are interesting compounds created by modifying the original helicene structure through the incorporation of linearly fused benzene rings, enlarging the helical diameter. Motivated by Tilley et al.'s report of a key expanded helicene structure in 2017, several research groups have synthesized such nonplanar aromatic compounds, aiming to explore their impressive structures, properties, and chiroptical performance.

Associations between low birth weight, childhood adversity, and natural disaster with delay discounting among children.

According to the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis, low-birthweight (LBW) infants are programmed to seek additional resources as compensation for early deprivation. However, no study has yet explored this in the context of delay discounting (DD), which refers to the tendency to prefer smaller, immediate rewards over larger, delayed ones. Both prenatal factors, such as LBW, and postnatal factors, including adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and exposure to natural disasters, may influence DD.

Molecular containment of iron source inhibits larval survival of Schistosoma mansoni and egg-laying behavior of the female adult worms via ovarian atrophy.

Background: Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic flatworms of the genus Schistosoma. Currently, praziquantel is the only medication available for treating schistosomiasis. However, crucial issues regarding drug resistance, reinfection, and prevention remain unresolved.

Psychometric validity of the Perceived Home Management Hassles Scale.

Home management of the home and family, including household chores, childrearing, caregiving and shopping, can be a burden, especially when the person or a family member is ill or affected by psychological or social issues. We developed a subjective indicator of this burden, the self-report, five-item, five-point Likert scale "Perceived Home Management Hassles Scale". Here, we evaluated the psychometric validity of the scale, using an online questionnaire survey among members of the Japanese Association for Research in Family Nursing.

Ligand triplet energy escape in lanthanide complexes for developing luminescent molecular thermometers.

Luminescent lanthanide complexes can exhibit temperature-sensitive metal-centered emission due to energy transfer quenching from the lanthanide to the ligand triplet states, which have been promising application in emission lifetime-based thermometers. However, the long-lived ligand triplet state limits the temperature sensitivity of lanthanide emission. This study demonstrates an enhancement in the temperature sensitivity of Tb(III) emission by introducing an energy escape pathway from the ligand triplet state.

Proteomics-based monitoring of heatstroke recovery identifies molecular signatures of organ stress.

Background: Global warming exacerbates heatstroke, increasing its severity and associated health risks, including fatal kidney damage. Predicting post-heatstroke organ injury remains difficult, delaying timely medical intervention. This study aims to identify potential blood biomarkers that reflect organ stress and recovery status following heatstroke.

Multifunctional materials with potential antiviral applications in face masks, face shields, and hydrogels against mpox virus.

The recent emergence and global spread of the mpox virus (MPXV), formerly known as the monkeypox virus, underscores the urgent need for effective antiviral materials to combat this emerging zoonotic pathogen. This study evaluates the antiviral activity of five functional material films against vaccinia virus, a representative model of MPXV, by the TCID50 assay. The tested materials include two electrospun polyester fabrics functionalised with benzalkonium chloride (BAK) or soap, specifically designed for antiviral face masks.

Accuracy of cup positioning of a non-invasive augmented reality-based navigation system for total hip arthroplasty in the supine position.

Background: A new non-invasive augmented reality-based portable navigation system was developed for accurate cup positioning during total hip arthroplasty in the supine position. This study aimed to clarify whether the navigation system supports cup positioning more accurately than a conventional goniometer during surgery.

Methods: In total, 60 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty in the supine position between September 2021 and August 2022 were retrospectively investigated.

Inhibitory control in response to alcohol-promoting commercials in individuals with alcohol use disorder.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by impaired inhibitory control, which plays a role in the continued consumption of alcohol and relapse despite harmful consequences. External environmental cues, such as alcohol-related advertisements, can aggravate cravings and influence drinking behavior; however, their impact on cognitive processes, including inhibitory control, remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of alcohol-related digital video commercials on inhibitory control in individuals with AUD.