New-onset Autoimmune Diseases in Patients with Prurigo Nodularis: A Global-federated Retrospective Cohort Study.

Prurigo nodularis (PN) has been associated with autoimmune diseases, though longitudinal data are limited. This study investigates the risk of autoimmune disease development in PN patients using a global electronic health record database. This retrospective cohort study analysed data from the Global Collaborative Network within the TriNetX research network.

Loading of the artificial knee during early rehabilitation and physiotherapy : an in vivo study.

Aims: This retrospective observational study aimed to determine the in vivo joint loads in the knee after total knee arthroplasty during early postoperative rehabilitation involving different physiotherapy exercises and to analyze how these loads change over the first three weeks postoperatively.

Methods: Nine patients (six males, three females) with a primary instrumented total knee replacement participated in the study. A total of 19 selected physical therapy exercises of varying load levels were performed on the ninth (SD 3) and 21st (SD 6) postoperative day.

The effect of TERT promoter mutation on predicting meningioma outcomes: a multi-institutional cohort analysis.

Background: Molecular aberrations have been incorporated into tumour classification guidelines of meningioma. TERT-promoter (TERTp) mutation is associated with worse prognosis and is designated a WHO grade 3 biomarker. However, it remains unclear whether TERTp mutation is context-dependent, with other co-occurring genetic alterations potentially driving its association with prognosis.

Genetic and clinical risk factors for anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: insights from a prospective cohort study in central Ethiopia.

Purpose: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a relevant adverse event of tuberculosis treatment (TBT) especially in sub-Saharan Africa, but data remains limited. Genetic hepatic transport proteins polymorphisms (HTPP) are potential contributors. This study aimed to assess frequency and timing of DILI, identify risk factors, and explore the association of HTPP with DILI risk in Ethiopian TBT-patients.

[Integrated youth mental health services - Low-threshold, integrated programs for young people in mental health crises : International experiences and the current situation in Germany].

Background: Young people in mental health crises have severely limited access to clinical care and show the lowest adherence to conventional clinical services. Low-threshold and integrated services (integrated youth mental health services, IYMHS) are recommended to overcome these barriers and provide early detection, early intervention and psychosocial care appropriate for young people.

Objective: The aim is to provide an overview of low-threshold IYMHS globally and in Germany and to report on international experiences with these services and evidence of their effectiveness.

Bacterial Contamination of Liquid Nitrogen Tanks Used to Store Bull AI Doses: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Extended bull sperm for artificial insemination is routinely cryopreserved and stored in liquid nitrogen (LN, -196°C) tanks to maintain semen quality for extended periods. Bacterial contamination impairs sperm quality; however, hygienic conditions of LN tanks are monitored insufficiently. This study aimed to assess the hygienic situation in routinely used LN tanks under field conditions.

Decreased health service use among migrants improves through an internal locus of control, especially in men.

We explore the role of internal locus of control (LOC), migration status and gender, in healthcare utilization, using the Andersen Model. It addresses the knowledge gap in understanding how these factors influence healthcare access, especially in migrant populations. Utilization was assessed using the 2020 German Socioeconomic Panel with 26,028 adults (6,968 migrants).

SIN-1 Improves Cerebral Blood Flow and Reduces Deviation From Brain Homeostasis During Ischemia and Reperfusion in Rats.

Background: Overall, 75% of patients with acute stroke have elevated mean arterial pressure (MAP). In randomized stroke trials, the indirect NO donor glyceryl trinitrate lowered MAP but improved neither regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) nor functional outcomes. One probable reason is that the microcirculation cannot bioactivate glyceryl trinitrate.

Activation metrics for structural connectivity recruitment in deep brain stimulation.

Comparatively high excitability of myelinated fibres suggests that they represent a major mediator of deep brain stimulation effects. Such effects can be modelled using different levels of abstraction, ranging from simple electric field estimates to complex multicompartment axon models. In this study, we explored three metrics to evaluate axonal activation: electric field magnitudes, electric field projections and pathway activation modelling.

From adaptive deep brain stimulation to adaptive circuit targeting.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) substantially improves motor symptoms and quality of life in people with movement disorders such as Parkinson disease and dystonia, and it is also being explored as a treatment option for other brain disorders, including treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder, Alzheimer disease and depression. Two major developments are currently driving progress in DBS research: first, the framework of adaptive DBS, which senses brain activity to infer the momentary state of the symptoms of a patient and reacts by adapting stimulation settings, and second, the concept of connectomic DBS, which identifies brain circuits that should optimally be stimulated to reduce specific symptoms. In this Perspective, we propose a unified framework that combines these two concepts.

A prudent planetary limit for geologic carbon storage.

Geologically storing carbon is a key strategy for abating emissions from fossil fuels and durably removing carbon dioxide (CO) from the atmosphere. However, the storage potential is not unlimited. Here we establish a prudent planetary limit of around 1,460 (1,290-2,710) Gt of CO storage through a risk-based, spatially explicit analysis of carbon storage in sedimentary basins.

A new screening tool for early recognition of ATTRv polyneuropathy in clinical practice: AmyloScan.

Hereditary transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis is a progressive multisystem disorder, mainly characterized by cardiac dysfunction and polyneuropathy. Due to its rarity and heterogeneous presentation, diagnosis is often delayed, which has a direct impact on the initiation of treatment and, therefore, span and quality of life. To facilitate early disease recognition, we aimed to develop and validate a new screening tool for early identification of ATTRv amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (AmyloScan).

Solving the :: Fusion Nomenclature Challenge for File and Directory Naming.

Following recommendations from various consortia and professional societies, the double-colon symbol (::) has become an integral part of gene fusion nomenclature (e.g., EML4::ALK).

Sex hormone profiles in men with migraine: a cross-sectional, matched cohort study.

Objective: Sex hormones play a key role in migraine pathophysiology, yet their impact in men remains unclear. This study investigates sex hormone profiles and their potential relationship with Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in men with episodic migraine.

Methods: We analyzed serum blood levels of sex hormones testosterone, estradiol (E2), progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and CGRP in age and body mass index (BMI)-matched men with and without migraine.

DNA methylation profile to aid in the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its role in disease progression.

There is no immunohistochemical or molecular marker to confirm the histologic diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This is particularly important in a scenario of unknown primary. Molecularly, PDAC is characterized by a limited set of driver mutations, and new predictive and prognostic markers are needed to guide novel therapies.

Retrieval-Augmented Generation for ICD-10 Coding in German Clinical Texts - A Technical Case Report.

Introduction: Manual ICD-10 coding of German clinical texts is time-consuming and error-prone. This project aims to develop a semi-automated pipeline for efficient coding of unstructured medical documentation.

State Of The Art: Existing approaches often rely on fine-tuned language models that require large datasets and perform poorly on rare codes, particularly in low-resource languages such as German.

Assessment of alarm fatigue among intensive care unit nurses: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Alarm fatigue occurs when ICU personnel are exposed to an excessive number of alarms, resulting in desensitization, improper alarm management, and reduced patient safety. This study aimed to assess the extent of alarm fatigue among ICU nurses at a German university hospital using the Charité Alarm Fatigue Questionnaire (CAFQa) and to examine differences based on working hours and professional experience.

Methods: An observational cross-sectional study design was used.

The positive impact of students in general practice clerkships in rural Germany: diverging views of students, general practitioners, and practice assistants in a prospective survey.

Background: Recruiting and retention of teaching practices is challenging. Although GP teaching physicians are predominantly intrinsically motivated, the time required for teaching is often cited as a barrier. Practice teams could benefit, if the students' learning in practice is optimized in such a way that there is also a noticeable positive impact in daily work.

A Simulation-Based Comparison of Human, Porcine and Ovine Pulmonary Artery Hemodynamics. Evaluating the Suitability of Large Animal Models for Endopulmonary Device Evaluation from a Hemodynamics Point of View.

In the field of cardiovascular device development, new devices such as heart valves, stents or pressure probes for long term heart failure monitoring are subject to animal trials to evaluate their safety and efficacy. For such applications, swine and sheep are the animal models of choice owed to their similarities to humans with regards to heart size, weight and ventricular kinetics. However, clinical aspects regarding the choice of animal model revolve mainly around anatomical similarities as well as the ability to induce the desired pathology.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Related Neuropathies Post-Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review of Clinical Cases and Outcomes.

Bariatric surgery is a widely used treatment for morbid obesity, but it can lead to neurological complications, including Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), a rare immune-mediated polyneuropathy. The mechanisms underlying post-bariatric GBS remain unclear, and no comprehensive review has evaluated its incidence, risk factors, and outcomes. This systematic review synthesizes available clinical data to assess the relationship between bariatric surgery and GBS, focusing on its presentation, diagnosis, and management.

Epidemiological and Economic Factors in Facelift Surgery in the USA: A Retrospective Multi-center Analysis.

Background: The demand for surgical facial rejuvenation procedures, such as facelifts, has risen in recent decades. However, limited research has addressed the epidemiological and economic aspects of these procedures. This study examines trends in facelift surgeries using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.

Non-pharmacological interventions for delirium in critically ill children: a scoping review.

Objectives: Delirium is one of the most common forms of acute cerebral dysfunction in critically ill children, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The aim was to identify studies describing or evaluating non-pharmacological interventions to prevent or treat paediatric delirium.

Design: Scoping review.

Virtual endocast of the Late Miocene (Artiodactyla, Hoplitomerycidae) and brain evolution in insular ruminants.

Mammals often follow peculiar evolutionary trajectories on islands, with some Pleistocene insular large mammals exhibiting reduced relative brain size. However, the antiquity of this phenomenon remains unclear. Here, we report the first digital endocast of an insular artiodactyl, the five-horned ruminant from the Late Miocene Gargano palaeo-island (Apulia, Italy).

Developmental arcs of plasticity in whole movement repertoires of a clonal fish.

Developmental plasticity at the behavioral repertoire level allows animals to incrementally adjust their behavioral phenotypes to match their environments through ontogeny. Quantifying this plasticity in sufficient resolution across substantial periods of development, however, has been challenging. Here, we use high-resolution tracking to monitor 45 genetically identical Amazon mollies ( reared in near-identical environments over their first four weeks of life.