Wearable airbag for powered two-wheelers: what is the profile of users involved in road traffic crashes and how does it affect their fatality risk?

Background: Traffic fatalities within Powered Two-Wheelers (PTW) users are mostly due to head and thoracic injuries. This study assesses airbag use prevalence among PTW users involved in Road Traffic Crashes (RTCs) in France and aims to estimate airbag effectiveness in protecting against fatality risk.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using French national police crash data from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2022, including a total of 69,350 PTW users.

Integrative Diagnostic and Prognostic Paradigms in Diffuse Axonal Injury: Insights from Clinical, Histopathological, Biomolecular, Radiological, and AI-Based Perspectives.

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is one of the most severe consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI), characterized by widespread axonal damage in the cerebral white matter. DAI plays a crucial role in determining clinical outcomes, significantly contributing to long-term disability and mortality in severe cases. Despite advancements in neuroscience and clinical management, the diagnosis and prognosis of DAI remain challenging due to its complex pathophysiology and the difficulty of detecting axonal damage in its early stages.

The learning curve of novel implant total knee arthroplasty system in high-volume university center.

Introduction: The learning curve associated with adopting new surgical systems in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can significantly impact surgical efficiency and patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of operative time with the KNEO (Groupe Lépine, Genay, France) posterior stabilized knee system and to analyze the learning curve for postoperative complications to achieve surgical proficiency.

Method: This retrospective, multicentric study analyzed 481 patients who underwent primary TKA with the KNEO implant in a high-volume university center between 2020 and 2024.

Tire road wear particles, microplastics and metals in sediment of stormwater detention basins: co-occurrence and ecological risk assessment.

Tire road wear particles (TRWP) and microplastics (MP) are increasingly present in the environment due to anthropogenic sources like industrial activities and road traffic. Their load is high in urban sediments and more specifically in stormwater management infrastructure such as detention basins. Eleven detention basins featured by contrasting land uses (industrial, urban, agricultural, and heterogeneous) were sampled in a French metropolitan city to examine how land use influences the presence of TRWP, MP, and metals in these basins.

Synthetic GPR datasets to evaluate hybridization inverse approach for pavement tack coat characterization-Geometrical and physical parametric study.

The visible surface degradation of pavements is often the result of underlying subsurface defects. The quality of the bond between the wearing course and the binder course is a key factor in limiting issues such as delamination, stripping, etc. The use of non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, such as electromagnetic wave propagation combined with a hybrid data processing approach-machine learning and Full-Waveform Inversion-has recently demonstrated its effectiveness [1].

CREMSA: compressed indexing of (ultra) large multiple sequence alignments.

Motivation: Recent viral outbreaks motivate the systematic collection of pathogenic genomes in order to accelerate their study and monitor the apparition/spread of variants. Due to their limited length and temporal proximity of their sequencing, viral genomes are usually organized, and analyzed as oversized Multiple Sequence Alignments (MSAs). Such MSAs are largely ungapped, and mostly homogeneous on a column-wise level but not at a sequential level due to local variations, hindering the performances of sequential compression algorithms.

Brain Abscess Mimicking Brain Tumors: A Systematic Review of Individual Patient's Data.

 Brain abscess is a worrisome condition with a 1-year mortality rate of 21% and a 32% rate of new-onset epilepsy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is strongly recommended as a screening modality with contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and attenuated diffusion coefficient. However, there is a 10% rate of false negative, which could potentially impact management and prognosis.

Soil suction dataset from a lime & cement treated embankment, from 2010 to 2023.

An experimental embankment was built in 2010 in the frame of TerDOUEST Project [1]. Treated silt and clay from the site near Héricourt in France, were used in four sections approximately 50 meters length, and 5 meters high. The first meter at the base of the embankment is buried in the soil, below the ground, to study soil-water table interaction.

Toward European harmonization of national myasthenia gravis registries: modified Delphi procedure-based expert consensus on collectable data.

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disorder. Several new treatment concepts have emerged in recent years, but access to these treatments varies due to differing national reimbursement regulations, leading to disparities across Europe. This highlights the need for high-quality data collection by stakeholders to establish MG registries.

Astrocytomas IDH-mutant of posterior cranial fossa, clinical presentation, imaging features and onco-functional balance in surgical management.

IDH-mutant astrocytomas (AIDHmut) in the posterior cranial fossa (PCF) are rare and present substantial diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their location. We analyzed patients with PCF AIDHmut from our institutions, treated between December 2021 and September 2024. Additionally, we conducted a systematic literature review (from January 2021 to September 2024) using PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Ovid EMBASE to identify cases of PCF AIDHmut.

Risk factors for complications and readmission after total hip or knee replacement with ERAS.

Introduction: The impact of enhanced rehabilitation after surgery (ERAS) on treatment quality and safety has been scarcely reported. The present study aimed to analyze rates of complications and readmission in the 3 months after total knee or hip replacement (TKR, THR) following an ERAS protocol, by stratifying patients according to surgery time.

Methods: A single-center multi-surgeon retrospective observational study was conducted on prospectively collected data.

The Da Vinci Robot, a promising yet underused minimally invasive tool for spine surgery: A scoping review of its current role and limits.

Background: The Da Vinci robot ® (DVR), released in the early 2000s, provided a set of innovation aiming at pushing minimally invasive surgery forward. Its stereoscopic magnified visualization camera, motions that exceed the natural range of the human hand, or tremor reduction enhanced the surgeon's skills and added value in many surgical fields.

Objective: To map the current use of the DVR in spine surgery, identify gaps, address its limits and future perspectives.

A study of the direct emission of tire wear particles on different types of roads.

In the range of 5-6 Mt/y tire wear particles (TWP) are emitted from vehicles in both developed and emerging countries. In an attempt to reduce these emissions, new regulations will come into force in the EU and USA, although currently no oversight methods are actually in place. This study proposes a method for assessing direct TWP emissions (TWP) from vehicles.

Management of large Trigeminal Schwannoma: long-term oncologic and functional outcome from a multicentric retrospective cohort.

Objective: Trigeminal schwannoma (TS), though a rare and benign tumor, becomes a significant surgical challenge due to its intricate location. This study aims to detail the long-term functional outcomes and tumor control post-surgical resection.

Method: We analyzed a multicentric retrospective cohort of 39 patients operated on for a TS in five tertiary centers between January 1993 and July 2022.

Discogenic Low Back Pain: Anatomic and Pathophysiologic Characterization, Clinical Evaluation, Biomarkers, AI, and Treatment Options.

Discogenic low back pain (LBP) is a significant clinical condition arising from degeneration of the intervertebral disc, a common yet complex cause of chronic pain, defined by fissuring in the annulus fibrosus resulting in vascularization of growing granulation tissue and growth of nociceptive nerve fibers along the laceration area. This paper delves into the anatomical and pathophysiological underpinnings of discogenic LBP, emphasizing the role of intervertebral disc degeneration in the onset of pain. The pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving processes like mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of advanced glycation end products, and pyroptosis, all contributing to disc degeneration and subsequent pain.

Work-related road traffic accidents: emergence of new modes of personal journey - analysis based on data from a register of road traffic accidents in France.

Introduction: According to the 2018-2019 People Mobility Survey, work-related journeys (commuting and on-duty journeys) account for approximately 25% of all journeys. The use of non-motorised (nm) and motorised (m) personal mobility devices (PMDs) has steadily increased since their introduction into the French market in the last decade.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the characteristics of work-related road accidents and their evolution since the introduction of new PMDs in France and the increase in the use of scooters.

Treating Trigeminal Schwannoma through a Transorbital Approach: A Systematic Review.

: Trigeminal schwannomas (TSs) are uncommon tumors found along any segment of the fifth cranial nerve (CN V). Typically located at the skull base, these benign tumors carry substantial morbidity due to the extent of traditional surgical methods. Minimally invasive endoscopic surgery such as the endoscopic transorbital approach (ETOA) presents promising new avenues for treatment, with the transorbital approach emerging as a potentially successful alternative.

A New Solution to the Grain Boundary Grooving Problem in Polycrystalline Thin Films When Evaporation and Diffusion Meet in Power Electronic Devices.

This paper constituted an extension of two previous studies concerning the mathematical development of the grain boundary grooving in polycrystalline thin films in the cases of evaporation/condensation and diffusion taken separately. The thermal grooving processes are deeply controlled by the various mass transfer mechanisms of evaporation-condensation, surface diffusion, lattice diffusion, and grain boundary diffusion. This study proposed a new original analytical solution to the mathematical problem governing the grain groove profile in the case of simultaneous effects of evaporation-condensation and diffusion in polycrystalline thin films by resolving the corresponding fourth-order partial differential equation ∂y∂t=C∂2y∂x2-B∂4y∂x4 obtained from the approximation ∂y∂x2≪1.

Obstetrical Constraints and the Origin of Extended Postnatal Brain Maturation in Hominin Evolution.

The origin of difficult birth is still a matter of debate in obstetrics. Recent studies hypothesized that early hominins already experienced obstructed labor even with reduced neonatal head sizes. The aim of this work is to test this hypothesis using an extant obstetrical sample with known delivery outcomes.

Ultrasound-guided needle aspiration of immediate postoperative symptomatic spinal epidural hematoma after lumbar stenosis surgical decompression in the elderly: a proof-of-concept case.

Background: Symptomatic spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is one of the most feared complications and source of litigation in spine surgery. Its occurrence rises up to 2% in minimally invasive spine surgery. In parts of the world where the population is aging, more fragile patients are expected to undergo degenerative spine surgery.

The Transorbital Approach: A Comprehensive Review of Targets, Surgical Techniques, and Multiportal Variants.

The transorbital approach (TOA) is gaining popularity in skull base surgery scenarios. This approach represents a valuable surgical corridor to access various compartments and safely address several intracranial pathologies, both intradurally and extradurally, including tumors of the olfactory groove in the anterior cranial fossa (ACF), cavernous sinus in the middle cranial fossa (MCF), and the cerebellopontine angle in the posterior cranial fossa (PCF). The TOA exists in many variants, both from the point of view of invasiveness and from that of the entry point to the orbit, corresponding to the four orbital quadrants: the superior eyelid crease (SLC), the precaruncular (PC), the lateral retrocanthal (LRC), and the preseptal lower eyelid (PS).

Comparative microplastic analysis in urban waters using μ-FTIR and Py-GC-MS: A case study in Amsterdam.

The contamination of freshwater with microplastics (MPs) has been established globally. While the analysis of MPs has predominantly involved spectroscopic methods for revealing particle numbers, the potential of employing spectroscopy for mass estimation has been underutilized. Consequently, there is a need to enhance our understanding of the mass loads of MPs and ensure the complementarity and comparability of various techniques for accurate quantification.