Impact of Phosphogypsum on Viability of Eggs in Anaerobic Digestion of Swine Manure.

Waste from livestock farms contains various pathogens, including eggs and larvae of helminths-pathogens of parasitic diseases harmful to animals and humans. One of the methods for their effective processing to obtain biofertilizer and biofuel is anaerobic digestion, which requires further improvement to completely suppress the viability of pathogenic microorganisms in mesophilic conditions. To this end, the use of anaerobic digestion under sulfate reduction conditions to suppress pathogens using biogenic hydrogen sulfide is promising.

Effects of Toxic Organic Compounds on and Its Parasite .

Environmental pollution by toxic compounds affects various species of living organisms, their life cycles, and symbiotic relationships. This study investigated the host-parasite relationship between Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) and Berthold, 1827 (Eugregarinorida, Gregarinida) under exposure to aniline, formaldehyde, and o-xylene at different concentrations. For laboratory studies, 480 larvae of and five concentrations of the studied organic compounds were used.

Effects of Pirimiphos-Methyl on Non-Target Invertebrates.

The effects of pirimiphos-methyl have previously been assessed on blood-sucking insect species, pollinating insects, and target crop pest species. The sensitivity of non-target zoophagous and saprophage species to this insecticide remains largely unstudied. In laboratory conditions, we assessed the susceptibility of 43 species of invertebrates to pirimiphos-methyl.

A New Approach to Recording Rumination Behavior in Dairy Cows.

Rumination behavior in cattle can provide valuable information for monitoring health status and animal welfare, but continuous monitoring is essential to detect changes in rumination behavior. In a previous study validating the use of a respiration rate sensor equipped with a triaxial accelerometer, the regurgitation process was also clearly visible in the pressure and accelerometer data. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to measure the individual lengths of rumination cycles and to validate whether the sensor data showed the same number of regurgitations as those counted visually (video or direct observation).

Effects of Organic Xenobiotics on Larvae and Their Parasite .

Environmental contamination with xenobiotics affects organisms and the symbiotic relations between them. A convenient object to study relationships between parasites and their hosts is the host-parasite system " Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) (Hammerschmidt, 1838) Stein, 1848 (Eugregarinorida, Gregarinidae)". For this experiment, we took 390 larvae and 24 organic compounds.

Repellent and Attractant Activities of Organic Compounds on Female and Male (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae).

The use of organic compounds in different spheres of human activity is accompanied by their influx to and accumulation in the environment. The negative impact of those compounds can be one of the reasons for a decline in populations and biodiversity of aboveground invertebrates. Chemical compounds can potentially cause a variety of effects (attractant or repellent) on insects, including species of the Staphylinidae family.

An isotonic protein solution favorably modulated the porcine intestinal immune response and cellular adhesion markers and reduced PEDV shedding in vivo.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes immensely large economic losses worldwide in the swine industry. PEDV attacks the intestine, disrupts intestinal epithelium morphology and barrier integrity, and results in profound diarrhea and high mortality. A commercially available isotonic protein solution (IPS) (Tonisity Px) has anecdotally been reported to be effective in supportive treatment of piglets with active PEDV infections.

Survival of Nematode Larvae after Treatment with Eugenol, Isoeugenol, Thymol, and Carvacrol.

Background: Helminthiases inflict annual losses on the meat and dairy livestock industries. The commonest species of ruminant parasites are the nematodes: and , which lay eggs in the intestine and enter the feces. There, the eggs develop into larvae, which when voided with the feces crawl onto plants.

Influence of Inula helenium rhizomes and Matricaria chamomilla inflorescences on the biochemical and physiological parameters in male rats fed a high-fat diet.

Background: Pharmacological correction of a high-fat diet is of great interest to prevent the development of obesity and hypertension. More and more research is being done on the preventive use of medicinal herbs for excess caloric intake.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the general physiological effect of I.

The autumn low milk yield syndrome in Brown Swiss cows in continental climates: hypotheses and facts.

Extensive research has been conducted globally on the impact of heat stress (HS) on animal health and milk production in dairy cows. In this article, we examine the possible reasons for the decrease in milk production in Brown Swiss (BS) cows during the autumn season, known as the autumn low milk yield syndrome (ALMYS). This condition has been extensively studied in high-yielding Holstein Friesian (HF) cattle and has also been observed in BS cows with a daily milk yield of around 30 kg.

A predictive assessment of the uranium ore tailings impact on surface water contamination: Case study of the city of Kamianske, Ukraine.

In this study, we present an assessment of the uranium ore tailings impact on groundwater and surface water contamination. The radioactive materials were deposited in the tailings storage facility "Dniprovske" (the city of Kamianske, Ukraine) from 1954 to 1968; now it contains about 5.85·10 m of hazardous waste on the area of about 76 ha in the floodplain of the Dnipro river.

Effect of Rhizome and Fruit Peel on the Metabolic Processes and Physiological Activity of Rats Fed with Excessively Fat Diet.

Research Background: (golden root) and (pomegranate), as well as a number of other species of medicinal plants, exert an array of biological effects: adaptogenic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. However, there are not enough contemporary studies of their influence on metabolic processes, especially in cases of imbalanced diet. Lipid dysregulation is the main reason for many diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hypertension, atherosclerosis and insulin resistance.

Colostrum Quality Assessment in Dairy Goats: Use of an On-Farm Optical Refractometer.

Failure of passive immunity transfer is one of the main causes of increased susceptibility to infectious agents in newborn kids. To ensure successful transfer of passive immunity, kids need to be fed high-quality colostrum, containing an adequate concentration of IgG. This work evaluated the quality of colostrum obtained in the first 3 days postpartum from Malagueña dairy goats.

Promising medicinal plants for treatment of helminths of bison.

Bison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758) and B. bison (Linnaeus, 1758) are mammals placed in the Red Book of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Populations of those species of animals are under threat of extinction.

Bioprocessing of Wheat and Amaranth Bran for the Reduction of Fructan Levels and Application in 3D-Printed Snacks.

Bran can enrich snacks with dietary fibre but contains fructans that trigger symptoms in people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aimed to investigate the bioprocessing of wheat and amaranth bran for degrading fructans and its application (at 20% flour-based) in 3D-printed snacks. Bran was bioprocessed with alone or combined with inulinase, , or commercial starter LV1 for 24 h.

Evaluation of broiler meat in experimental listeriosis.

Objective: The work aimed to assess the safety and quality of broiler meat in experimental listeriosis changes in storage.

Materials And Methods: Ross Cobb 500 chickens (40) were divided into 4 groups of 10 animals each. Chickens from three experimental groups were infected by , , and .

Modeling Sexual Differences of Body Size Variation in Ground Beetles in Geographical Gradients: A Case Study of (Illiger, 1798) (Coleoptera, Carabidae).

The aim of this study was to test the steepness of body size variation in males and females in the widespread ground beetle in geographical gradients. Beetles were sampled in 15 regions of Europe and Asia, and sampling territories differed 17° in latitude and 121° in longitude. We measured six linear traits in every captured beetle and formed a data set that included 2154 individuals.

Changes in the Spectrum of Free Fatty Acids in Blood Serum of Dairy Cows during a Prolonged Summer Heat Wave.

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of a prolonged hot period on the fatty acid (FA) composition in blood serum of dairy cows. Eighteen multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned to the hyperthermia group (HYP, = 8) in August (summer season) and the control group (CON, = 10) in October (autumn season). Blood from animals of the HYP group was collected in one heat wave, which was preceded by a long period of heat stress (HS, temperature-humidity index (THI ≥ 72)).

The Effect of Long-Term Storage on .

It was established that when stored for many years (10-13 years) in low-temperature conditions (3°C), without sub-culture on a nutrient medium, grew as visible colonies along the line of inoculation. However, due to long-term storage in conditions of low temperature (3°C) morphology of mycobacteria differed significantly from initial cultures formed by rod-shaped bacteria. Some of them became pigment-forming and smooth on the surface.

Influence of essential oils on sporulation of Eimeria magna oocysts.

We researched the influence of essential oils from 14 species of plants (Piper cubeba, Cananga odorata, Pelargonium graveolens, Citrus sinensis, Eucalyptus globulus, Lavandula angustifolia, Picea abies, Citrus paradisi, Pterocarpus santalinus, Abies sibirica, Juniperus communis, Melaleuca alternifolia, Syzygium aromaticum and Cinnamomum verum) on the process of sporulation of Eimeria magna Perard, 1925. In the experiment we used 0.5% emulsion of oil during 72 hours, oocysts of E.

Nematicidal activity of aqueous tinctures of plants against larvae of the nematode Strongyloides papillosus.

This research was undertaken to evaluate the nematicidal activity of various concentrations of aqueous tinctures of 80 plant species towards L1-2 of S. papillosus. For the experiment with larvae of S.

Genome analysis of the monoclonal marbled crayfish reveals genetic separation over a short evolutionary timescale.

The marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis) represents a very recently evolved parthenogenetic freshwater crayfish species that has invaded diverse habitats in Europe and in Madagascar. However, population genetic analyses have been hindered by the homogeneous genetic structure of the population and the lack of suitable tools for data analysis. We have used whole-genome sequencing to characterize reference specimens from various known wild populations.

Microclimate modeling in naturally ventilated dairy barns during the hot season: Checking the accuracy of forecasts.

Monitoring and predicting the microclimate in naturally ventilated barns (NVB) is important given the adverse effects of high summer temperatures on dairy cows in the context of global climate change. The aim of the work was to verify the accuracy of the microclimate forecast in a NVB using linear regression (LR). Our working hypothesis suggested that multiple periodic measurements of air temperature and relative humidity outside and inside the barns at the same time will allow us to build LR models for predicting the temperature-humidity index (THI).

The Impact of Acids Approved for Use in Foods on the Vitality of and (Nematoda) Larvae.

The laboratory experiment described in this article evaluated the death rate of larvae of (Rudolphi, 1803) nematodes of the Strongylida order and (Wedl, 1856) of the Rhabditida order under the impact of different concentrations of 8 flavouring acids and source materials approved for use in and on foods and in medicine (formic, wine, benzoic, salicylic, stearic, kojic, aminoacetic, succinic acids). Minimum LD for third stage larvae of (L) was observed with salicylic and wine acids, for L larvae with formic acid. Minimum impact on all studied stages of development of nematodes was caused by stearic, kojic, aminoacetic and succinic acids: larvae did not die in the course of one day even at 1 % concentration of these substances.

The estimation of Miscanthus×giganteus' adaptive potential for cultivation on the mining and post-mining lands in Ukraine.

The possibility of Miscanthus×giganteus cultivation as an energy crop on the different types of mining rocks was studied. It was revealed that a loess-like loam and red-brown clay with the added black soil were the most suitable for plant growing. The yield of dry above-ground biomass ranged from 4.