It Is Written in the Clot: Coagulation Assessment in Severe Burn Injury.

Background: Coagulopathy in severe burn injury is associated with complications and mortality.

Methods: We compared 3 tests (EXTEM, INTEM, FIBTEM) of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), a viscoelastic coagulation assay (VCA), with conventional coagulation assays (CCAs), fibrinogen, d-dimers and coagulation factors during the five post-burn days in survivors and non-survivors with severe burn injury, in order to correlate the results with burn coagulopathy and prognosis.

Results: Seventeen survivors and ten non-survivors, with mean total burn surface area of 33.

Development and Implementation of a Core Training Protocol: Effects on Muscle Activation, Hypertrophy, Balance, and Quality of Life in Recreationally Active Adults.

Core stability is fundamental to posture, balance, and force transmission throughout the kinetic chain. Although traditionally associated with athletic performance, emerging research highlights its broader applicability to recreational fitness. This study investigates the effects of an eight-week core training program on muscle hypertrophy, static balance, and neuromuscular control in recreationally active, non-athletic adults.

Interpretable Machine Learning for Osteopenia Detection: A Proof-of-Concept Study Using Bioelectrical Impedance in Perimenopausal Women.

The early detection of low bone mineral density (BMD) is essential for preventing osteoporosis and related complications. While dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) remains the gold standard for diagnosis, its cost and limited availability restrict its use in large-scale screening. This study investigated whether raw bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) data combined with explainable machine learning (ML) models could accurately classify osteopenia in women aged 40 to 55.

Sociodemographic, Mental, and Lifestyle Correlates of Mediterranean Diet Adherence in Children Aged 6-9 Years: Findings from a Large National Survey in Greece.

: The Mediterranean diet (MD) is well-studied for its health-promoting effects, while the factors influencing adherence in children remain an important research focus. This study examines the sociodemographic, maternal, perinatal, and lifestyle determinants associated with MD adherence among children aged 6-9 years in an effort to identify key predictors and their impact on long-term nutritional habits. This study recruited 4851 children from diverse Greek rural and urban regions.

A Rare Case of Cerebral Amyloidoma Mimicking Thalamic Glioma in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient.

Amyloidosis, often referred to as "the great imitator", is a condition characterized by the abnormal deposition of amyloid proteins in various tissues, potentially leading to organ dysfunction. When these deposits localize in the brain, they can disrupt neurological function and present with diverse clinical manifestations, making diagnosis particularly challenging. Cerebral amyloidosis is a rare entity that frequently mimics other neurological disorders, often resulting in significant delays in recognition and management.

Targeting Cancer Cell Fate: Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Gold Nanoparticles in Treatment Strategies.

At the intersection of nanotechnology and cancer biology, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as more than passive carriers-they are active agents capable of reshaping cellular fate. Among their most promising attributes is the potential to modulate apoptosis and autophagy, two intricately linked pathways that determine tumor response to stress, damage, and treatment. Apoptosis serves as the principal mechanism of programmed cell death, while autophagy offers a dualistic role-preserving survival under transient stress or contributing to cell death under sustained insult.

Nutraceutical Potential of Bitter Melon () on Cancer Treatment: An Overview of In Vitro and Animal Studies.

Bitter melon () has been extensively investigated for its potential in cancer treatment. In this work, we provide an overview of in vitro and animal studies exploring its bioactive compounds, extracts, extracellular vesicles, fusion proteins, co-treatment with conventional pharmaceuticals, and utilization of nanoparticles, demonstrating promising cytotoxic and apoptotic effects across various cancer cell lines. A comprehensive search of online databases, e.

Antioxidant Naturally Occurring Pleiotropically Acting Bioactive Compounds, as Polymeric Nanotherapeutics Against Autoimmune Diseases Progression.

Autoimmune diseases are driven by chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, thus requiring innovative therapeutic approaches. Polymeric nanotherapeutics incorporating antioxidant bioactive compounds offer a promising strategy for immune modulation and enhanced drug delivery. This review explores the application of polymer-based nanocarriers for improving the solubility, bioavailability, and targeted delivery of antioxidant compounds in autoimmune disease treatment.

Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in HIV-1: The Role of Virus-Host Protein Interactions.

This review explores the mechanisms by which Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) regulatory proteins manipulate host cellular pathways to promote viral replication and immune evasion. Key viral proteins, such as Nef, Vpu, Vif, Vpr, and Env, disrupt immune defenses by downregulating surface molecules such as CD4 (Cluster of Differentiation 4) and Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I, degrading antiviral enzymes like APOBEC3G (Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-3G) and SAMHD1 (Sterile Alpha Motif and Histidine Aspartate domain-containing protein 1), and counteracting restriction factors including BST-2 (Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2)/Tetherin and SERINC5 (Serin Incorporator 5). These interactions support viral persistence and contribute to the establishment of chronic infection.

The Inflammatory Link of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Thrombosis: Pathogenic Molecular Circuits and Treatment Approaches.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation that primarily affects the joints but can also involve extra-articular organs. Its multifactorial etiology remains incompletely understood, necessitating further investigation into its underlying mechanisms. The primary therapeutic goal in RA management is to achieve disease remission or maintain low RA activity to prevent long-term morbidity.

miR-27a rs895819 Polymorphism and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Caucasian Women: A Novel Genetic Risk Factor in a Challenging Fertility Dilemma.

Background: This case-control study investigates whether miR-27a rs895819 A>G polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in Caucasian Greek women.

Methods: This study included 93 women with at least two unexplained miscarriages before the 24th week of gestation (RPL group) and 107 women with no pregnancy loss history (control group). The miR-27a rs895819 A>G polymorphism was detected using PCR amplification, followed by DraIII-HF restriction enzyme digestion.

In-hospital course of children with COVID-19 infection - Results of the German nationwide inpatient sample.

Objectives: To date, few large studies of clinical outcomes in pediatric COVID-19 patients have been reported.

Study Design: Epidemiological study of the German nationwide inpatient study (GNIS).

Methods: We used the GNIS to analyze all hospitalized children ≤18 years with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis in Germany between Jan 1st and December 31st, 2020.

Evaluating Children's Drawings as a Means of Expression in Children with Chronic Diseases.

Background: Children's drawings are considered an important tool for detecting emotions and experiences that a child may be unable or unwilling to express verbally.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the emotional state, psychological development, and adjustment mechanisms of children with chronic diseases using projective drawing tests, and to compare their responses with those of healthy children.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was implemented in one region of Greece, involving 100 children aged 6-12 years.

Interventional approaches to combat obesity: Exploring the metabolomic signature of weight loss trials.

Obesity is characterized by the expansion of adipose tissue, contributing to systemic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, and widespread disruption of metabolic pathways. These pathophysiological changes are strongly linked to the development of several chronic conditions, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain forms of cancer. Metabolomics have emerged as a powerful analytical approach for elucidating obesity-related metabolic disturbances at both the cellular and systemic levels, enabling the identification of specific metabolic signatures associated with disease risk and progression.

"Sandwich" Technique for the Management of Chronic and Hemorrhagic Cervicitis Vs Antibiotics Alone: a Case-Control Clinical Study.

Cervicitis is commonly caused by sexually transmitted infections. This study compares the standard antibiotic treatment with antibiotics plus cryocoagulation in cases of chronic and hemorrhagic cervicitis. Although antibiotics are typically the first line of treatment, persistent cases often require additional interventions, like cryosurgery to obtain a cure.

Autonomous B-cell Receptor Signaling in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is driven by both antigen-dependent and antigen-independent cell-autonomous B-cell receptor (BcR) signaling. The latter has been documented in CLL cases in different disease subgroups and correlates with disease progression. Autonomous signaling is also relevant in monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis and other B-cell malignancies, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and splenic marginal zone lymphoma.

Influenza vaccine effectiveness against absenteeism among healthcare personnel during the 2022-2023 season in Greece.

Aim: To estimate the influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against absenteeism among healthcare personnel (HCP) during the 2022-2023 season.

Methods: We prospectively followed 5752 HCP employed in four tertiary-care hospitals in Greece from November 14, 2022 to May 28, 2023 for episodes of absenteeism. Upon onset of symptoms, HCP were tested for influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infection by RT-PCR and/or rapid antigen detection test.

Advancements in biochar-based materials for decontamination and analytical detection of pesticides and mycotoxins in food.

Excessive pesticide residues remaining in food products due to intensive agricultural use, along with dietary exposure to mycotoxins, posing significant human health risks. Reducing these harmful substances in the food supply requires advances in food detoxification and high-throughput analytical methods for monitoring pesticide residues and mycotoxins. This review provides a critical perspective on the emerging use of biochar and its modifications as sustainable adsorbents for the removal and determination of pesticides and mycotoxins in food and feed.

A Study to Improve the Safety of Transplantation: Is Control Necessary for Detecting Human Adenovirus in Umbilical Cord Blood Units?

Introduction: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) units are an alternative valuable source for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells (allo-HSCT). Patients undergoing allo-HSCT remain at high risk for complications and mortality due to viral infections such as human adenovirus (HAdV). HAdV, a double-stranded DNA virus, has been detected in the full-term placenta, raising concerns about vertical transmission.

Beyond Physical Disability: The Social Cognition Challenges in Quality of Life Among Multiple Sclerosis Patients.

Background/objectives: Social cognition impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and could implicate the well-being of patients by promoting difficulties in social interactions. This study investigated the relationship between social cognition and quality of life (QoL) in patients with MS (PwMSs).

Methods: In total, 100 PwMSs, enrolled as per distinct criteria, underwent neuropsychological assessment using validated questionnaires and scales.

Extraction and Characterization of Tannins from the Barks of Four Tropical Wood Species and Formulation of Bioresins for Potential Industrial Applications.

The use of renewable plant resources for the formulation of adhesives is increasingly promising, thanks to their availability at an affordable price and their high content of biomolecules such as polyphenols. The study of tannins therefore remains an active and ongoing area of research. This article presents a recent characterization of tannins extracted from the barks of four types of tropical trees (, , and ) and their application in the development of bioresins.