Review on various activator-assisted polymer grafting techniques for smart drug delivery applications.

Activator-assisted polymer grafting has emerged as a crucial approach in the development of advanced drug delivery systems, enabling precise regulation of drug release, targeting, and biocompatibility. In contrast to traditional formulation techniques, activator-mediated grafting methods, including redox initiation, photo-induced reactions, plasma treatment, and enzymatic catalysis, provide improved functionalization of polymers, achieving high grafting efficiency and adjustable properties. This review presents a thorough assessment of polymer grafting methodologies, encompassing grafting-to, grafting-from, and grafting-through techniques, with a detailed examination of the function of activators in facilitating these processes.