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Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children, requiring multidisciplinary treatment, including radiotherapy, which is primarily applied in the high-risk group to prevent disease progression. The review highlights indications for radiotherapy, its role in multimodal treatment, and addresses aspects of radiotherapy planning, including target volume definition, prescribed radiation doses, optimal timing for radiotherapy implementation, and potential side effects. Particular attention is drawn to the lack of consensus regarding the necessity of an additional radiation dose for persistent residual disease in the primary tumor and the irradiation of metastatic sites remaining after induction therapy. To conclude, monitoring quality assurance in radiotherapy planning and delivering processes based on unified standards appears to be crucial.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413235 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.5603/rpor.106279 | DOI Listing |
Comput Struct Biotechnol J
August 2025
Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Équipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France.
Digital twins (DTs) are emerging tools for simulating and optimizing therapeutic protocols in personalized nuclear medicine. In this paper, we present a modular pipeline for constructing patient-specific DTs aimed at assessing and improving dosimetry protocols in PRRT such as therapy. The pipeline integrates three components: (i) an anatomical DT, generated by registering patient CT scans with an anthropomorphic model; (ii) a functional DT, based on a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model created in SimBiology; and (iii) a virtual clinical trial module using GATE to simulate particle transport, image simulation, and absorbed dose distribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
August 2025
Division of Radiation Oncology and Developmental Radiotherapeutics, BC Cancer - Vancouver, Vancouver, CAN.
Introduction In select tumor sites, symptom palliation and local control can be improved through delivering higher biological equivalent doses (BED) of radiotherapy. However, not all patients are suitable candidates for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). The 30 Grays in five fractions (30/5) regimen is a conformal, hypofractionated regimen that offers a higher BED compared to conventional palliative radiotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Phys
September 2025
Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Background: Radiotherapy workflows conventionally deliver one treatment plan multiple times throughout the treatment course. Non-coplanar techniques with beam angle optimization or dosimetrically optimized pathfinding (DOP) exploit additional degrees of freedom to improve spatial conformality of the dose distribution compared to widely used techniques like volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT). The temporal dimension of dose delivery can be exploited using multiple plans (sub-plans) within one treatment course.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Phys
September 2025
Image X Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Eveleigh, New South Wales, Australia.
Introduction: Prospective hazard analysis (PHA) was introduced to the wider medical physics community by the initiation of American association of physicists in medicine task group 100 in 2003. Since then, there has been increasing interest in the applicability of PHA to radiotherapy for the purpose of keeping patients safe and assessing the risks within the whole practice of radiotherapy. The purpose of this research was to review the PHA literature focusing on which techniques and technologies have been assessed, how they have been assessed, and what can be learnt.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Appl Clin Med Phys
September 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Purpose: This study aims to assess percentage of automated AIO plans that met clinical treatment standards of radiotherapy plans generated by the fully automated All-in-one (AIO) process.
Methods: The study involved 117 rectal cancer patients who underwent AIO treatment. Fully automated regions of interest (ROI) and treatment plans were developed without manual intervention, comparing them to manually generated plans used in clinical practice.