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A hypothyroid mother, due to thyroid stimulation-blocking antibody (TSBAb), gave birth three times. Although her TSBAb levels remained almost 100%, her TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) levels before delivery varied as follows: 315.0, 88.2 and 34.9 IU/L in the first, second, and third pregnancies, respectively. The first baby had a hypoplastic thyroid gland and developed severe hypothyroidism three days after birth. The second and third babies only showed latent hypothyroidism. Apparent neonatal hypothyroidism due to maternal TSBAb occurs when TRAb levels are very high, and extremely high TSBAb activity might impair not only the fetal thyroid function, but also its development.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.5677-25 | DOI Listing |
JCI Insight
September 2025
Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, and.
Intracellular trafficking of secretory and membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the cell surface, via the secretory pathway, is crucial to the differentiated function of epithelial tissues. In the thyroid gland, a prerequisite for such trafficking is proper protein folding in the ER, assisted by an array of ER molecular chaperones. One of the most abundant of these chaperones, Glucose-Regulated-Protein-170 (GRP170, encoded by Hyou1), is a noncanonical hsp70-like family member.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Thyroid J
September 2025
Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany.
Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is characterized by orbital inflammatory infiltration, expansion of orbital tissues due to de novo adipogenesis and over-production of hydrophilic glycosaminoglycans, as well as myofibroblastic differentiation resulting in tissue fibrosis. Thyrotropin receptor antibody (TSH-R-Ab) is the major stimulus, which activates Thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) / insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and its downstream signalling in orbital fibroblasts (OF). Clinical evaluation of TSH-R-Ab, the specific biomarker of Graves' disease (GD) and the associated orbitopathy, provides important clinical information concerning diagnosis, disease monitoring and prognosis of GO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApalutamide, a selective androgen receptor antagonist, is a new treatment for prostate cancer. Among the side effects observed during apalutamide treatment, an increased risk of hypothyroidism has been reported, particularly in patients previously treated with levothyroxine compared with untreated patients. Apalutamide is thought to stimulate hepatic UDP-glucoronosyltransferase activity, resulting in increased clearance and stimulation of the thyroxine enterohepatic cycle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntern Med
September 2025
Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Japan.
A hypothyroid mother, due to thyroid stimulation-blocking antibody (TSBAb), gave birth three times. Although her TSBAb levels remained almost 100%, her TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) levels before delivery varied as follows: 315.0, 88.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEinstein (Sao Paulo)
September 2025
Endocrinology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Hypothyroidism is most frequently caused by Hashimoto's thyroiditis. While thyrotropin receptor antibodies are well-known in Graves' disease-induced hyperthyroidism, their role in hypothyroidism is emerging. We report the case of a 37-year-old woman with facial and periorbital edema, weight gain, and hoarseness suggestive of hypothyroidism.
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