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The DNA polymerase from Thermococcus kodakarensis KOD1 (KOD) is widely utilized in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) due to its high processivity and fidelity. However, like many other B-family DNA polymerases, it faces limitations in extension efficiency, amplicon length, and resistance to PCR inhibitors. In order to further enhance its capability, novel mutants were engineered by fusing a 7 kDa nonspecific double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)-binding protein from Sulfolobus tokodaii (Sto7d) to the C-terminus of KOD via distinct peptide linkers, resulting in a set of KOD-Sto7d polymerase variants. These constructs were expressed, purified, and characterized. Among the variants, KOD-GT4G-Sto7d exhibited the best PCR performance and was selected as the representative variant for subsequent assays. Compared with wild-type KOD (KOD-WT), KOD-Sto7d demonstrated significantly improved extension efficiency that successfully amplified 7 kb targets with only 10 s elongation time, increased salt tolerance up to 120 mM NaCl for 2 kb targets, and an improved capacity to amplify long DNA fragments up to 10 kb within 4 min. In comparison with a commercially available KOD mutant fused to a dsDNA-binding protein (Sso7d from Saccharolobus solfataricus) at its C-terminus (KOD-Sso7d), KOD-Sto7d demonstrated greater salt tolerance and sensitivity. These results suggest that KOD-Sto7d is a robust polymerase suitable for time-saving and high-demanding PCR.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pep.2025.106809 | DOI Listing |
Protein Expr Purif
August 2025
Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150028, China. Electronic address:
The DNA polymerase from Thermococcus kodakarensis KOD1 (KOD) is widely utilized in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) due to its high processivity and fidelity. However, like many other B-family DNA polymerases, it faces limitations in extension efficiency, amplicon length, and resistance to PCR inhibitors. In order to further enhance its capability, novel mutants were engineered by fusing a 7 kDa nonspecific double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)-binding protein from Sulfolobus tokodaii (Sto7d) to the C-terminus of KOD via distinct peptide linkers, resulting in a set of KOD-Sto7d polymerase variants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Environ Microbiol
August 2025
Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
The SUF system is one of the multiprotein machineries responsible for iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster biogenesis. In bacterial and eukaryotic SUF systems, SufB, SufC, and SufD form a SufBCD complex as the scaffold for Fe-S cluster assembly. SMS (SUF-like minimal system), composed only of SufB and SufC homologs (SmsB and SmsC) without a SufD component, has recently been established, and representatives from methanogenic archaea have been experimentally verified to function in Fe-S cluster biogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoft Matter
August 2025
Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
Nanodiscs have emerged as a powerful tool for studying membrane proteins in a lipid bilayer, with the standard approach relying on MSP-based nanodiscs that use detergent-mediated lipid exchange and encapsulation by MSP rings. However, this method may introduce artefacts from MSP interactions with the target protein and the nanodiscs constrained size. Here, we compare MSP-based nanodiscs with an alternative system using the amphiphile dodecyl-diglucoside (DDDG), which directly extracts membrane proteins along with their surrounding lipids from the cell membrane.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic Acids Res
July 2025
Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
Thermococcus kodakarensis tRNATrp contains 2'-O-methylcytidine at position 6 (Cm6). However, the tRNA methyltransferase responsible for the modification has not been identified. Using comparative genomics, we predicted TK1257 as a candidate gene for the modification enzyme.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Submarine Geoscience, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
While hyperthermophilic archaea thriving in hydrothermal vent ecosystems have been extensively studied for their remarkable adaptations to geochemical extremes, the molecular underpinnings of their dispersal strategies remain enigmatic. Central to this challenge lies their capacity to survive in environments with limited elemental sulfur (S). The recent study by Hidese et al.
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