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Article Abstract
Objective: Identify early neonatal and maternal risk factors for development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants receiving an exclusive human milk diet (EHMD).
Study Design: Preterm infants who developed NEC stage ≥2 while receiving an EHMD were compared to matched controls who did not develop NEC on the same diet. Predictors of NEC were selected for multiple-predictor logistic regression analysis based on literature or significance in single-predictor models.
Results: A total of 27 cases and 98 controls (mean GA = 27 weeks) were included. Groups did not differ significantly on baseline characteristics. Maternal urinary tract infection, maternal neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio before delivery, and vasopressor use during the first week significantly predicted NEC.
Conclusion: Despite the use of EHMD, NEC remains a concern, underlining its multifactorial nature. Results highlight the potential role of maternal inflammation and early neonatal hemodynamic instability in NEC development. Findings could inform future research aimed at identifying high-risk infants.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02401-2 | DOI Listing |
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