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Historically, the clinical application of cell-free RNA (cfRNA) liquid biopsies has been limited by background noise. In a recent study, Nesselbush et al. developed a method for denoising cfRNA analysis, resulting in RARE-seq, a versatile liquid biopsy platform that enables transcriptomic profiling, and cancer detection and monitoring, unlocking the potential of this exciting analyte.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2025.08.001 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
September 2025
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Background: Current aftercare in breast cancer survivors aims to detect local recurrences or contralateral disease, while the detection of distant metastases has not been a central focus due to a lack of evidence supporting an effect on overall survival. However, the data underpinning these guidelines are mainly from trials of the 1980s/1990s and have not been updated to reflect the significant advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic options that have emerged over the past 40 years. In this trial, the aim is to test whether a liquid biopsy-based detection of (oligo-) metastatic disease at an early pre-symptomatic stage followed by timely treatment can impact overall survival compared to current standard aftercare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep Methods
July 2025
Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Smart Farming for Agricultural Animals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P.R. China; College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricult
We introduce a cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentation pattern: the fragment dispersity index (FDI), which integrates information on the distribution of cfDNA fragment ends with the variation in fragment coverage, enabling precise characterization of chromatin accessibility in specific regions. The FDI shows a strong correlation with chromatin accessibility and gene expression, and regions with high FDI are enriched in active regulatory elements. Using whole-genome cfDNA data from five datasets, we developed and validated the FDI-oncology model, which demonstrates robust performance in early cancer diagnosis, subtyping, and prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Discov
September 2025
IFOM-ETS The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.
Wang and colleagues showed that ctDNA can be detected in plasma up to 3 years prior to clinical diagnosis. The study highlights the need for ultrasensitive and multimodal approaches that integrate the detection of mutations and copy-number changes with advanced computational platforms to deliver effective early-detection strategies. See related article by Wang et al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Oncol
September 2025
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal forms of cancer, with a five-year survival rate under 7%, primarily due to its late clinical presentation and rapid disease progression. Although the oncogenic development of pancreatic tumors can span over a decade, early diagnosis remains a major clinical challenge, as current diagnostic approaches-including imaging modalities and blood-based markers like CA19-9-lack the requisite sensitivity for detecting early-stage disease. Liquid biopsy has emerged as a promising, non-invasive diagnostic technique by enabling the detection of circulating tumor-specific nucleic acids, particularly circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and microRNAs (miRNAs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Exp Med Biol
August 2025
Koç University Hospital, Koç University Research Center Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have garnered considerable attention in recent years as potential biomarkers for liquid biopsies due to their unique characteristics offering unique advantages over linear RNAs. The significance of circRNAs, highlighting their stability, abundant expression, noninvasiveness, and cell/tissue specificity, makes circRNAs appealing candidates for liquid biopsies, facilitating real-time disease monitoring and guiding treatment decisions. Advancements in high-throughput RNA sequencing and experimental technologies have facilitated extensive identification and characterization of blood circRNAs (cell-free circRNAs and circRNAs in blood cells), revealing their roles in various human diseases.
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