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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/UPJ.0000000000000828 | DOI Listing |
Am J Pharm Educ
September 2025
Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, 30 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112. Electronic address:
The accelerating adoption of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, has raised critical questions about the role of pharmacists and the potential for AI to substitute for human expertise in pharmaceutical care. Grounded in Porter's Five Forces framework-specifically the threat of substitutes-this commentary explores whether AI can adequately fulfill the complex and relational functions of pharmacists in delivering care to patients. Drawing from foundational definitions of pharmaceutical care and economic theories of substitution, the paper examines both historical and emerging competitors to pharmacist-provided services, including physicians, nurses, and now AI-powered tools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes
September 2025
Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
September 2025
INSERM UMR1033, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Pavillon F, Place d'Arsonval, 69437 Lyon, FRANCE.
JNCI Cancer Spectr
September 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology and Applied Sciences, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States.