Commensal bacterial glycosylation at the interface of host-bacteria interactions.

Gut Microbes

Department of Surgery, Division of Immunotherapy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.

Published: December 2025


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Article Abstract

Commensal bacteria produce a diverse array of glycosylated molecules, including glycoproteins, glycolipids, peptidoglycan, capsular polysaccharides, and exopolysaccharides, which play fundamental roles in host-microbe interactions. Recent advances have highlighted the intricate mechanisms by which bacterial glycosylation contributes to immune regulation, epithelial barrier integrity, and microbial community stability, with implications for a range of conditions, including infectious diseases, chronic inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Alzheimer's disease, and metabolic diseases such as diet-induced obesity. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of historical and recent insights into commensal bacterial glycosylation, emphasizing its role as a key mediator of host-bacteria interactions and its broader impact on gut homeostasis and systemic health.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355684PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2025.2545421DOI Listing

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