Instruments and Measurement Techniques to Assess Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields.

Sensors (Basel)

Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doornfontein Campus, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa.

Published: August 2025


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Article Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive evaluation and selection framework for extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) measurement instruments. Recognizing the diversity of application environments and technical constraints, the framework addresses the challenges of selecting appropriate tools for specific scenarios. It integrates a structured, quantitative approach through a weighted scoring matrix that evaluates instrumentation across six criteria: monitoring duration, sensitivity, environmental adaptability, biological/regulatory relevance, usability, and cost. Complementing this is a logic-based flowchart that visually guides decision-making based on user-defined operational needs. The framework is applied to a realistic occupational case study, demonstrating its effectiveness in producing evidence-based, scenario-sensitive instrument recommendations. This method provides stakeholders with a transparent and adaptable tool for ELF-EMF device selection.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12349168PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s25154866DOI Listing

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