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Article Abstract

: This study presents a combined osteometric and biomechanical analysis of a Korean female cadaver exhibiting bilateral lower limb bone asymmetry with abnormal curvature and callus formation on the left femoral midshaft. : To investigate bilateral bone length differences, osteometric measurements were conducted at standardized landmarks. Additionally, we developed three gait models using , an open-source reinforcement learning platform, to analyze how skeletal asymmetry influences stride dynamics and directional control. : Detailed measurements revealed that the left lower limb bones were consistently shorter and narrower than their right counterparts. The calculated lower limb lengths showed a bilateral discrepancy ranging from 39 mm to 42 mm-specifically a 6 mm difference in the femur, 33 mm in the tibia, and 36 mm in the fibula. In the gait pattern analysis, the normal model exhibited a straight-line gait without lateral deviation. In contrast, the unbalanced, non-learned model demonstrated compensatory overuse and increased stride length of the left lower limb and a tendency to veer leftward. The unbalanced, learned model showed partial gait normalization, characterized by reduced limb dominance and improved right stride, although directional control remained compromised. : This integrative approach highlights the biomechanical consequences of lower limb bone discrepancy and demonstrates the utility of virtual agent-based modeling in elucidating compensatory gait adaptations.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12345663PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15151943DOI Listing

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