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Article Abstract
Aquaculture ponds with high nitrogen loading emit substantial CH and NO due to anoxic sediments. This study assessed the effects of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)], calcium sulfate (CaSO), and calcium silicate (CaSiO) on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 45-day anoxic incubations of sediments from conventional and broad bean-fed ponds. At 20 mmol kg, Ca(OH) and CaSiO reduced CO (38-53 %), CH (17-66 %), and NO (43-62 %) emissions by elevating pH (8.5-8.9), enhancing mineral-associated organic carbon, and suppressing functional genes (nirK, norB, nosZ, and mcrA). CaSO lowered CH (48-56 %) and NO (49-58 %), likely by stimulating sulfate-reducing genes (aprA and dsrA), but increased CO emissions and decreased Fe-bound organic carbon. Structural equation modeling revealed pH, sulfate competition, and microbial community shifts as key mediators. Ca(OH) and CaSiO offer broad-spectrum GHG mitigation and SOC stabilization, while CaSO provides targeted CH/NO control. These findings inform calcium-based strategies for climate-smart aquaculture.
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