Association between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and secondary haemorrhage risk after tonsillectomy.

Objectives: This study evaluates the relationship between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and secondary tonsillar haemorrhage after tonsillectomy.

Methods: Sixty pediatric patients with secondary haemorrhage and 60 without bleeding were grouped for comparative analysis. Laboratory parameters and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index values were collected preoperatively, on the bleeding day and on the control day, then compared.

Results: Secondary haemorrhage occurred in 60 patients (3.11 per cent), with a mean age of 8.85 ± 3.07 years. Bleeding occurred at 8.63 ± 2.32 days post-operatively (range: 72 hours-21 days). Tonsillectomy day: Neutrophil count and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index were significantly higher in the haemorrhage group ( < 0.001). Haemorrhage vs. tonsillectomy day (haemorrhage group): Platelet, neutrophil and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index increased, while lymphocytes decreased ( < 0.001). Haemorrhage vs. control day: Neutrophil count and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index remained significantly higher ( < 0.001).

Conclusion: Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index, a novel inflammatory marker, may help predict post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage risk.