Analysis of Strabismus Surgical Outcomes: A Retrospective Study of 2269 Cases from a Single Center.

BACKGROUND Strabismus, eye misalignment or squint, is constant or intermittent, and may be associated with refractive changes and amblyopia (lazy eye). These factors determine the approach to surgical correction. The present study aimed to retrospectively analyze type composition, refractive status, and surgical methods used with strabismus inpatients, to provide some reference for clinical practice. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clinical data on the electronic information system of the ophthalmic ward of Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital was retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Among the 2269 strabismus patients, the most common type of strabismus seen was intermittent exotropia (1364 cases). The male-to-female ratio was about 1.06: 1(1169/1100). The highest correlations were seen between concomitant esotropia and hyperopia, and between concomitant exotropia and myopia. The distribution of intermittent exotropia in the group aged 7-17 years decreased in 2021 compared with previous years (P<0.05). Strabismus in patients ≥18 years of age was lower in 2020 and 2021 than in previous years, and was lowest in 2021 (P<0.05). The most common surgical method for concomitant esotropia is bilateral medial rectus recession, and the most common surgical method for concomitant exotropia is bilateral lateral rectus recession. In non-concomitant strabismus, the main operation method for vertical strabismus is transposition of the inferior oblique muscle. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent exotropia accounted for the highest proportion of strabismus cases. The highest incidence of concomitant esotropia and hyperopia was in patients aged 3-6 years, with low hyperopia. The highest incidence of concomitant exotropia and myopia was in patients aged 7-17 years, with low myopia. Common surgical treatments differed for different kinds of strabismus.