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The dispersity (Ð) of a polymer is one of its most important characteristics. While the most established technique for dispersity determination is size exclusion chromatography (SEC), Diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) has emerged as a rival for routine polymer molar mass determination, even if dispersity remained somewhat elusive in DOSY to date. To expand DOSY to reliable dispersity measurement, we synthesize 26 polystyrenes with Ð ranging from 1.1 to 3.7 and number-average molar mass (M) ranging from 3.0 to 22.4 kg∙mol to correlate molar mass distribution (MMD) measurements of SEC to DOSY. We show that the method of inverse Laplace transformation (ILT) fails to represent the shape of the MMD of a polymer when it is not narrowly dispersed. Despite this failure, DOSY does yield the number and weight average molar mass with high accuracy, and thus the dispersity of samples is well accessible from DOSY-ILT. SEC and DOSY-ILT are well correlated up to Ð = 2.0. Interestingly, using the standard deviation (σ) and coefficient of variation of the MMD rather than dispersity yields an even better correlation across the entire dispersity and molar mass range covered in this study, underpinning the usefulness of using σ more regularly in polymer characterization.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.202500303 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
August 2025
Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, IND.
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a benign, well-encapsulated odontogenic lesion that typically presents as a slow-growing, asymptomatic mass. Surgical enucleation or curettage remains the treatment of choice due to the tumor's non-invasive nature and well-defined borders, which facilitate complete removal with minimal risk of recurrence. Interestingly, some studies have suggested that AOTs may occasionally arise within pre-existing dentigerous cysts, indicating a possible developmental relationship between the two entities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharm Biopharm
September 2025
RaDes GmbH, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address:
Polysorbate 20 (PS20) is one of the most commonly used non-ionic surfactants in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food products. Considered as biocompatible and non-irritating, it is further valued for its solubilising and protein stabilising properties. PS20 is manufactured through a multi-stage reaction of sorbitol with various fatty acids and ethylene oxide, resulting in a complex mixture of components with different molecular weights and polarity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
August 2025
School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China; College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China. Electronic address:
Aqueous batteries have become a prospective future energy storage system because of their low coefficient of cost and stability. However, their lower energy density limits their applications. Ammonium ions (NH) have a small hydration radius and light molar mass, and aqueous ammonium ion batteries (AAIBs) are anticipated for solving the inherent low-energy density problem of aqueous batteries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mater Chem B
September 2025
Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti, 85, Bologna 40129, Italy.
Donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) thiophene-based compounds, characterized by thiophene as a donor unit and benzothiadiazole (Bz) as an acceptor, represent an emerging class of theranostic agents for imaging and photodynamic therapy. Here, we expand this class of molecules by strategically varying the position of the electron-accepting unit within the oligothiophene (OT) backbone structure, realizing a series of different push-pull architectures (A-D, D-A-D, and D-A). This rational design allows for precise modulation of key photophysical parameters, including absorption and emission spectra, molar absorption coefficient, charge separation, and frontier molecular orbitals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Biochem Biotechnol
September 2025
Programa de Engenharia Química/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Polymer particles, including synthetic polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) (P(S-co-DVB)) beads, have been widely used as enzymatic supports and drug carriers. In this sense, it is important to understand the stabilization or degradation of such polymer matrices under specific chemical and enzymatic media. For this reason, the present work aims to evaluate the current status and prospects of treatments of PMMA and P(S-co-DVB) particles intended for biotechnological and biomedical applications under basic, acidic, and enzymatic environments.
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