Effect of visual searching and obstacle crossing on gait performance in older adults.

Older adults often face challenges with gait and cognitive function, making dual-task walking, such as visual searching or obstacle crossing, particularly difficult. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dual tasks on gait performance and examine the test-retest reliability of gait assessments in older adults. Gait data from eighteen healthy older adults were collected using the Vicon 3D motion capture system. Gait performance was assessed twice under different conditions: no obstacle vs. obstacle, and fixation vs. visual searching. Generalized Estimating Equations were used to analyze the effects of obstacle crossing and visual search on gait parameters, while intraclass correlation coefficients were employed to assess test-retest reliability. Obstacle crossing significantly reduced walking speed, prolonged swing phase, and increased head movement. Visual tasks led to decreased walking speed, shortened stride length, and reduced hip extension. Interestingly, the combination of obstacle crossing and visual search did not impose additional detrimental effects on gait performance. Most gait parameters demonstrated moderate to excellent reliability. Obstacle crossing and visual searching effectively assess gait patterns and pose significant challenges for older adults. These findings underscore the importance of studying dual-task effects on gait patterns to enhance safety in this population.