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Respiratory infections in patients with cancer are common. A low threshold for bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) should be maintained in immunocompromised patients with pulmonary opacities on chest imaging to evaluate for opportunistic infections. In those with unresolving symptoms, transbronchial biopsies may add significant diagnostic value. Concomitant hypercalcemia in patients with cancer is typically related to underlying malignant disease. However, in those with persistent respiratory symptoms or atypical infiltrates then granulomatous inflammatory diseases should be considered. Diagnosing histoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients can be difficult. Antigen testing is often more sensitive, but tissue biopsy or culture may be needed. We describe a case of histoplasmosis with persistent pulmonary opacities and hypercalcemia diagnosed via transbronchial biopsy, with subsequent clinical and radiographic improvement after treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radcr.2025.04.058 | DOI Listing |
Pharmacotherapy
September 2025
Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Background: Omeprazole, a widely used proton pump inhibitor, has been associated with rare but serious adverse events such as myopathy. Previous research suggests that concurrent use of omeprazole with fluconazole, a potent cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19/3A4 inhibitor, may increase the risk of myopathy. However, the contribution of genetic polymorphisms in CYP enzymes remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMult Scler
September 2025
Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Background: Tumefactive demyelination (TD) is a rare variant of multiple sclerosis (MS) characterized by tumor-like lesions that often require aggressive management. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified variants associated with MS; similar analyses in TD are lacking.
Objective: A GWAS was performed to identify variants associated with TD.
J Pathol Transl Med
September 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in males worldwide. Serum prostate-specific antigen is a frequently employed biomarker in the diagnosis and risk stratification of prostate cancer; however, it is known for its low predictive accuracy for disease progression. New prognostic biomarkers are needed to distinguish aggressive prostate cancer from low-risk disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAesthet Surg J
September 2025
Department of Gynecological and Breast Surgery and Oncology, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France.
Background: Total mastectomy for breast cancer is an impactful procedure, and breast reconstruction plays a crucial role for women diagnosed with the disease.
Objectives: The objective of our study is to compare satisfaction, morbidity, and timelines of two breast reconstruction techniques after breast cancer: breast prosthesis and exclusive lipofilling.
Methods: This is a comparative, retrospective, unicentric study on patients who underwent total mastectomy between May 2014 and May 2020.
Obstet Gynecol Sci
September 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the outcomes of excision (conization) and active surveillance in women under 35 years of age diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN 2) on disease regression to normal cervical cytology and the effectiveness of nonsurgical management.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at OOO. Women under 35 diagnosed with CIN 2 were included and divided into two groups based on the management strategy: excisional treatment or active surveillance.