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Changes in the Arctic sea-ice cover affect the planet's energy budget, atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns as well as the ecosystem associated with this unique habitat. Interdisciplinary observations at the interfaces between sea ice and ocean are crucial to better understand the driving processes and bio-physical linkages in this coupled system. During the MOSAiC expedition 2019/2020 to the Arctic Ocean, we used a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) underneath drifting sea ice throughout an entire year. The main objective was to measure physical, chemical, and biological parameters across different surface and sea-ice types while the dive missions were optimized to retrieve optical properties and sea-ice bottom topography. All parameters were measured synchronously, enabling the quantification of their relationships and spatial and temporal variability. In addition, visual documentation of the under-ice environment and the permanently on-ice deployed instrumentation was performed. Overall, we completed more than 80 surveys covering all seasons and various sea-ice and surface conditions. Here, we present all available data, allowing for a year-round comprehensive picture of the under-ice environment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-05223-1 | DOI Listing |
Front Microbiol
July 2025
State Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Ecology and Environment in Arid Area, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Bacteria serve as vital indicators of the lake ecosystem health. Although substantial progress has been made in investigating the structural features of lake bacterial communities, limited attention has been paid to the dynamic assembly processes and driving factors affecting bacterial communities in ice and water environments during the freeze-up period. In this study, we investigated aggregation and compositional changes in bacterial communities in the internal ice-covered state of Lake Hulun.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
July 2025
Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal H2X 1Y4, QC, Canada.
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is an essential resource in ice-covered lakes, regulating water quality and biodiversity, including the survival of economically important fish species. Most of the world's lakes seasonally freeze, often resulting in oxygen depletion as ice cover inhibits water column ventilation and snow cover limits photosynthesis while respiration continues. Widespread shortening of ice-cover duration in a warmer world might improve winter oxygenation, but this hypothesis remains untested.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Environ Res
September 2025
Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. Electronic address:
The southern Sea of Okhotsk (SSO) is a semi-enclosed marginal sea of the North Pacific. Winter sea ice strongly influences the physical, biogeochemical, and ecosystem processes in the SSO. However, the succession of phytoplankton assemblages from winter to spring and their relationships with controlling factors remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Data
June 2025
Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany.
Changes in the Arctic sea-ice cover affect the planet's energy budget, atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns as well as the ecosystem associated with this unique habitat. Interdisciplinary observations at the interfaces between sea ice and ocean are crucial to better understand the driving processes and bio-physical linkages in this coupled system. During the MOSAiC expedition 2019/2020 to the Arctic Ocean, we used a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) underneath drifting sea ice throughout an entire year.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFISME Commun
January 2025
Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore.
Photosynthetic microbial eukaryotes play a pivotal role as primary producers in the Arctic Ocean, where seasonal blooms within and below the ice are crucial phenomena, contributing significantly to global primary production and biogeochemical cycling. In this study, we investigated the taxonomic composition of sympagic algae and phytoplankton communities during the Arctic under-ice spring bloom using metabarcoding of the 18S rRNA gene. Samples were obtained from three size fractions over a period of nearly three months at an ice camp deployed on landfast ice off the coast of Baffin Island as part of the Green Edge project.
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