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Background: Despite advances in medicine and technology, pain remains a significant global burden. Improving pain education for undergraduate healthcare students is considered an important step toward enhancing pain management. The Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) is commonly used to assess pain knowledge in healthcare students, but its validity and reliability in this population remain uncertain. This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the NPQ for Danish-speaking healthcare students and evaluate its measurement properties in Danish physiotherapy, medicine, and odontology students.
Methods: The study was conducted in two phases: (1) translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the NPQ following international guidelines, and (2) a cross-sectional study to evaluate its validity and reliability in a sample of 224 Danish undergraduate healthcare students. Structural validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, while test-retest reliability was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Measurement error was analyzed using the standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC).
Results: Factor analysis revealed 11 factors, each with eigenvalues below 1, suggesting poor structural validity. Factor loadings were below the recommended threshold of 0.50, indicating weak item clustering. Internal consistency was low (Cronbach's alpha = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.27 to 0.47), and test-retest reliability was poor (ICC = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.66). Measurement error analysis showed an SEM of 1.94 (95% CI: 1.54 to 2.63) and an MDC of 5.38 (95% CI: 4.27 to 7.28). No floor or ceiling effects were observed.
Conclusions: The Danish version of the NPQ demonstrated poor structural validity, internal consistency, and reliability in undergraduate healthcare students. These findings raise concerns about its suitability for assessing pain neurophysiology knowledge in this population. Alternative tools or modifications to the NPQ may be necessary to improve its measurement properties.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41687-025-00899-w | DOI Listing |
BMC Glob Public Health
September 2025
Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Sch Health
September 2025
University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, Michigan, USA.
Background: Health-related issues are perhaps the most common reason for student absences, as nearly every student has missed school due to an illness or injury at some point. Researchers in medicine and education have thoroughly documented the relationship between health and attendance.
Methods: Descriptive trends are analyzed.
Int J Nurs Stud
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KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Nairobi, Kenya.
Background: Nurses remain critical in newborn care delivery in Kenya. However, persistent nurse shortages in newborn units limit their ability to provide optimal care. Staff shortages contribute to missed care and high workloads, negatively impacting the motivation and well-being of nurses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNurse Educ Pract
September 2025
Edith Cowan University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia.
Aim: To co-design a resilience-based mentoring program for novice midwives in Western Australia, informed by the experiences of past midwifery graduates and the perspectives of midwives in senior roles.
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Nurse Educ Pract
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RAISE Initiative, Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 60 Haven Ave, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address:
Aim: To determine the strengths and weaknesses of the midwifery education program at three IMC-supported schools and their associated clinical sites in South Sudan.
Background: Evidence indicates that investing in midwifery education can substantially reduce maternal mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Design: A cross-sectional mixed methods assessment.