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The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic had a severe impact on frail, end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients, either on dialysis or transplanted, with a high mortality rate in the early waves. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with mRNA vaccines has led to reduced hospitalization and mortality rates in the general population and ESKD patients. Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are a valuable correlate of protection after vaccination, and IgG anti-spike antibodies are considered a surrogate marker of protection. This study investigated the correlates of protection brought by NAb and anti-spike IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type Wuhan strain and variants of concern in a cohort of 128 French patients on dialysis after vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. The correlate was assessed using Receiver Operating Characteristic curves. The level of protection for IgG anti-spike antibodies was set at 917 BAU/mL for the original Wuhan strain and 980 BAU/mL and 1450 BAU/mL, respectively, for the Delta and Omicron BA.1 variants. The level of protection can be regularly monitored by measuring IgG anti-spike antibody concentrations to allow tailored boosters of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in this frail and immunocompromised ESKD population.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13050518 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Public Health
August 2025
Epidemiology and Data Management Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Introduction: Immune-deficient/disordered people (IDP) elicit a less robust immune response to COVID-19 vaccination than the general US population. Despite millions of IDP at presumed elevated risk, few population-level studies of IDP have been conducted in the Omicron era to evaluate breakthrough infection-related outcomes.
Methods: We followed a prospective cohort of 219 IDP and 63 healthy volunteers (HV) in the USA from April 2021 (Alpha variant peak) to July 2023 (Omicron XBB variant peak).
Front Immunol
September 2025
Genomic Oncology Area, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain.
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had significant global public health consequences, affecting over 200 countries and regions by 2020. The development and efficacy of specific vaccines, such as the mRNA-1273 (Spikevax) vaccine developed by Moderna Inc., have substantially reduced the impact of the pandemic and mitigated its consequences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
Background: Maternal immunization relies on active transplacental transfer of immunoglobulin G. However, very little is known about the efficacy of maternal immunization in the setting of multiple gestation. We aimed to investigate transplacental transfer of maternal antibody in pregnancies with multiple gestation including mono- and dichorionic pregnancies by evaluating anti-Spike antibody transfer at delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect
August 2025
The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University CollegeLondon Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre and NIHR UCLH Clinical Research Facility, UK; Research Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College
Background: In 2021, the rapid rollout of two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines reduced COVID-19 severity and mortality. However, further vaccine doses as a prime-boost schedule were limited, and lifting of public health restrictions by late 2021 frequently led to infection, rather than vaccine, as a third exposure.
Objective: To compare how the third exposure through mRNA booster or SARS-CoV-2 infection shapes humoral and cellular immunity following two vaccine doses.
J Med Virol
September 2025
Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Franciscus Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Long COVID (LC) is a post-acute infection syndrome affecting 5%-10% of individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2. Here, we aimed to study SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity, immunological imprinting by endemic coronaviruses, and previous herpesvirus infections in LC. We included 47 LC patients and 41 controls who fully recovered from COVID-19.
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