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Here, we present a protocol to study neural circuits between the paraventricular thalamus (PVA) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) in mice by combining calcium imaging with optogenetic stimulation of axon terminals. We describe steps for delivering GCaMP6f and ChrimsonR viruses and implanting the gradient-index (GRIN) lens for use with an Inscopix microscope. We then detail procedures for single-neuron tracking over an extended period through longitudinal recording and data smoothing and processing to enhance analysis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2025.103800 | DOI Listing |
J Cosmet Dermatol
September 2025
Independent Researcher, São Paulo, Brazil.
Introduction: Facial aging is a multifactorial process characterized by skin laxity, volume loss, and collagen degradation. Calcium Hydroxyapatite (CaHA) is a versatile biostimulatory filler that can provide both structural support and collagen stimulation. This study evaluates a novel technique using CaHA with tailored dilutions for minimally invasive facial rejuvenation, focusing on key ligamentous structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
September 2025
Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
The purpose of this article was to study the distribution of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and cardiac valve calcification (CVC), relevant factors, and the relationship of LVH and CVC with survival in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. A total of 281 MHD patients were included in this retrospective and follow-up study. Echocardiography measurements were performed to evaluate the left ventricular structure and cardiac valve.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
September 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Rationale: Brown tumor (osteitis fibrosa cystica) is a benign bone lesion associated with hyperparathyroidism that can affect multiple bones in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Patient Concerns: We present the case of a 32-year-old female with ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis who experienced body aches, muscle weakness, constipation, and mood swings for 3 months.
Diagnoses: Initial tests revealed elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum calcium, and phosphorus levels.
Medicine (Baltimore)
September 2025
Al Mouwasat University Hospital, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
Rationale: Systemic sclerosis (SS) is an immune-mediated connective disease characterized by skin fibrosis, microvascular damage, and multisystem manifestations. One of the most important processes in connective tissue disorders is vasculitis. The clinical findings can differ when the disease is presented with an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosurg Case Lessons
September 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital East-Limburg, Genk, Limburg, Belgium.
Background: Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) deposition disease at the craniocervical junction (CCJ) typically presents with a retro-odontoid pseudotumor. Here, the authors report a case of CPPD-induced basilar impression, causing vertebral artery (VA) dissection and hemorrhage.
Observations: A 65-year-old male presented with worsening chronic cervicalgia, occipital headaches, and unstable tandem gait.