Acanthamoeba spp.: Neglected Protists in Veterinary Medicine.

Acta Parasitol

Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Published: April 2025


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Article Abstract

Propose: Acanthamoebaspp. are widespread free-living protists found in various natural and man-made habitats. At times, they can become parasitic, leading to conditions such as Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE), and systemic infections in humans and animals. In veterinary medicine, infections caused by Acanthamoeba spp. are frequently underdiagnosed, necessitating a high degree of clinical vigilance and laboratory technical skill for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: This review aimed to provide an overview of documented natural infections in animals with Acanthamoeba spp. to enhance veterinary professionals' awareness of these organisms' potential risks.

Results: This review records natural infections of animals with Acanthamoeba and its interaction with pathogenic bacteria, highlighting the importance of Acanthamoeba spp. in veterinary medicine.

Conclusion: Acanthamebiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of systemic diseases, especially with neurologic involvement. Since this neglected infection can impact the lives and livelihoods of many animals, informing veterinarians and animal owners is necessary.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11686-025-01023-0DOI Listing

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