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Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is underdiagnosed, with a significant gap between documented cases and estimated prevalence. Attempts to bridge this gap include published guidelines emphasising the importance of screening for AATD and educational campaigns directed to the public. Early detection has clinical ramifications for optimal management of the patient with AATD, as well as for prevention of clinical disease in affected family members through early modification of environmental factors. Our case report describes a patient with minimally symptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with AATD, diagnosed in large part due to the patient detecting nocturnal hypoxaemia on her smartwatch. This highlights the emerging role of patient-initiated wearable health technology in diagnosing clinical conditions before traditional symptoms are significant, thus opening another potential avenue for bridging the gap between documented cases of AATD and the estimated prevalence.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2024-263933 | DOI Listing |
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
September 2025
Neuromuscular diseases are often accompanied by various types of sleep-related breathing disorders, which can exacerbate the underlying condition and are associated with a poor prognosis. Early identification is essential, and interventions such as non-invasive ventilation, oxygen therapy, and respiratory rehabilitation should be initiated promptly to mitigate disease progression and improve outcomes. Nevertheless, the rates of missed and misdiagnosed cases remain common in clinical practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespir Med
September 2025
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Pulmonology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy.
Purpose: Asthma and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are two respiratory diseases that often may coexist, resulting in Alternative Overlap Syndrome (aOVS), which is still underestimated and underdiagnosed.
Objectives: This state-of-art review aims to describe the current evidence on aOVS, including its pathophysiology, clinical, functional and therapeutic implications. A secondary objective is to assess whether aOVS can be identified as a distinct endophenotype needing personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Br J Anaesth
September 2025
Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia; Division of Emergency Medicine, Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Institute for Paediatric Perioperative Excellence, The University of Western Austr
Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been thought to increase the risk of respiratory depression from opioids. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether preoperative hypoxaemia by sleep study pulse oximetry imparts greater opioid sensitivity.
Methods: A multicentre observational cohort study with in-cohort dose randomisation was performed in children 2-8 yr of age with OSA undergoing adenotonsillectomy.
Sleep Med
November 2025
Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Disorders Laboratory, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine and Agia Sofia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. Electronic address:
Objective: Nocturnal intermittent hypoxemia may enhance sympathetic nervous system activity. We aimed to assess the potential relationship of age-adjusted nocturnal pulse rate (% distance from 95th percentile for age-pulse rate index) with nocturnal oximetry parameters and their interaction with upper airway obstruction (UAO) presence.
Methods: Nocturnal oximetry data of 1-12-month-old infants without UAO/lung disease who were hospitalized for common pediatric problems (e.
Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi
August 2025
Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated H00ospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou 510080, China.
To analyze the correlation between respiratory event duration and nocturnal oxygen saturation (SpO) in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and to explore its significance in assessing nocturnal hypoxemia and OSA severity. A prospective study was conducted on adult OSA patients diagnosed via overnight standard polysomnography (PSG) at the Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from June 2019 to December 2023. Data collected included demographic information, PSG reports, scale scores, and comorbidities.
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