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Long-acting injectables improve treatment outcomes for chronic diseases by reducing dosing frequency. Long-acting injectables may be formulated as nano- or microsuspensions produced by wet bead milling and homogenization often facing physical instability. This study investigates different stabilizers' ability to prevent particle growth, caking and the influence on resuspendability. Eight different stabilizers; polysorbate 20 (PS20), polysorbate 80 (PS80), poloxamer 188 (P188), poloxamer 338 (P338), polyvinylpyrrolidone K17 (PVP K17), polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30), vitamin E-TPGS, and sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and one potential resuspending agent (polyethylene glycol 4000) was used to assess the stability and resuspendability of indomethacin suspensions. The stability and resuspendability was assessed during four weeks of storage at three different temperatures for all stabilizers at five different concentrations. PVP K30, PVP K17 and P338 yielded stable indomethacin suspensions with minor particle growth. Statistical and machine learning modelling identified stabilizer type as a critical factor influencing resuspendability. Increased storage temperature was found to negatively impact resuspendability, particularly in formulations containing polysorbates. Addition of the resuspending agent PEG4000 did not have significant impact on the resuspendability of vitamin E-TPGS and PS20 formulations while it had a negative effect on the resuspendability of formulations with PVP K30 and P338.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2025.107072 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Pharm Sci
June 2025
Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark. Electronic address:
Long-acting injectables improve treatment outcomes for chronic diseases by reducing dosing frequency. Long-acting injectables may be formulated as nano- or microsuspensions produced by wet bead milling and homogenization often facing physical instability. This study investigates different stabilizers' ability to prevent particle growth, caking and the influence on resuspendability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Background: Lipid vesicles, especially those utilizing biocompatible materials like chitosan (CHIT), hold significant promise for enhancing the stability and release characteristics of drugs such as indomethacin (IND), effectively overcoming the drawbacks associated with conventional drug formulations.
Objectives: This study seeks to develop and characterize novel lipid vesicles composed of phosphatidylcholine and CHIT that encapsulate indomethacin (IND-ves), as well as to evaluate their in vitro hemocompatibility.
Methods: The systems encapsulating IND were prepared using a molecular droplet self-assembly technique, involving the dissolution of lipids, cholesterol, and indomethacin in ethanol, followed by sonication and the gradual incorporation of a CHIT solution to form stable vesicular structures.
Pharmaceutics
November 2024
Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark.
Co-delivering dual-drug systems have proven to be effective in, for example, anticancer therapy or HIV prophylaxis due to a higher target selectivity and therapeutic efficacy from compound synergism. However, various challenges regarding physical stability can arise during the formulation definition when multiple drug compounds are included in the same formulation. In this work, the focus was on aqueous suspensions, which could be applied as long-acting injectable formulations to release the drug compounds over weeks to months after administration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharm Sci
March 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera av. 107, Gdansk 80-402, Poland.
Adhesiveness of dermal patches can be modified in the presence of active substances. The effect is more complex when liquid components are also present in the matrix. Commercial grade pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) polyacrylates (three types) and silicones (two types) were used to prepare adhesive matrices and liquid additives were propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene glycol, isopropyl myristate, triacetin, triethyl citrate or low viscosity silicone oil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharm Sci
February 2025
Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55 5230, Odense, Denmark. Electronic address: