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Article Abstract
Two new macrocyclic trichothecenes named epiroridin acid A (1), and epiroridin acid B (2) together with twelve known compounds (3-14) were isolated from the solid culture of Myrothecium roridum Q6, an endophytic fungus associated with Hypericum perforatum. The structures and absolute configurations of undescribed compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic measurements (UV, MS, and 1D and 2D NMR) analyses, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Compounds 1, 4, 6, 8, 13, and 14 were evaluated to be more effective in promoting nerve growth factor (NGF) secretion than the positive drug clenbuterol. Structure-activity relationship analysis showed that the C-side chain at C-6', and oxidation of double bond at C-2', C-3' in macrocyclic trichothecene could reduce NGF secretory activity, while carboxylation at C-16 is advantageous for enhancing their neuroprotective effects.
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Article Synopsis
- Trichothecenes are toxins from certain fungi that impact plant disease and biological control, and are characterized by a common structure called EPT, with variations in a macrocyclic ring formation.
- Recent research identified the TRI24 gene as essential for forming this macrocyclic ring in the fungus Paramyrothecium roridum.
- A mutant strain lacking TRI24 displayed reduced severity in plant disease and antifungal activity, highlighting the significance of the macrocyclic ring in the biological functions of these trichothecenes.