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http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.2405 | DOI Listing |
JAMA Netw Open
June 2025
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.
Importance: Based on expert opinion, clinical guidelines recommend percutaneous nephrolithotomy or shockwave lithotripsy for children and adolescents with kidney stones 20 mm or larger, without mention of ureteroscopy as an alternative.
Objective: To compare clinical and patient-reported outcomes for percutaneous nephrolithotomy vs ureteroscopy in children and adolescents with kidney and/or ureteral stones.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective cohort study was performed at 31 medical centers in the US and Canada.
Importance: Untreated syphilis infection during pregnancy can be passed to the fetus, causing congenital syphilis. Congenital syphilis is associated with premature birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, neonatal death, and significant abnormalities in the infant such as deformed bones, anemia, enlarged liver and spleen, jaundice, brain and nerve problems (eg, permanent vision or hearing loss), and meningitis. In 2023, there were 3882 cases of congenital syphilis in the US, including 279 congenital syphilis-related stillbirths and neonatal/infant deaths, the highest number reported in more than 30 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Intern Med
June 2025
Achieve Life Sciences, Seattle, Washington.
Importance: New smoking cessation medication options are needed. Cytisinicline, a partial agonist at α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, has demonstrated smoking cessation efficacy in 1 US trial. Additional evidence is needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA
February 2025
Deputy Editor, JAMA.
JAMA Intern Med
August 2024
Pfizer Inc, New York, New York.
Importance: Data describing the early additional protection afforded by the recently recommended BNT162b2 XBB vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech; 2023-2024 formulation) are limited.
Objective: To estimate the association between receipt of the BNT162b2 XBB vaccine and medically attended COVID-19 outcomes among US adults 18 years and older.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This test-negative case-control study was performed to estimate the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 XBB vaccine against COVID-19-associated hospitalization and emergency department (ED) or urgent care (UC) encounters among adults in the Kaiser Permanente Southern California health system between October 10, 2023, and December 10, 2023.