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Internal alkynes are often contained in bioactive pharmaceuticals and crucial intermediates in material sciences, yet their production methods are often limited and challenging, necessitating the development of more efficient and versatile synthetic routes. Here we report a method of deoxygenative alkynylation of alcohols via flow photochemistry. Formation of N-heterocyclic carbene-alcohol adducts undergoes oxidation by a photocatalyst, generating alkyl radicals. These radicals are subsequently trapped by an alkynylation agent, yielding the desired alkyne. Compared to batch reactions, the strategy using flow photochemistry is practical and efficient to complete the reaction in relatively short time with good yields. A wide range of functional groups were tolerated. The broad application of this method for alkyne synthesis in industry settings is anticipated, supported by the potential in late-stage functionalization of biomolecules and gram-scale synthesis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42004-024-01363-4 | DOI Listing |
ACS Cent Sci
June 2025
State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200032, China.
Continuous-flow photochemistry allows late-stage functionalization of N-heteroaromatics with gaseous alkane.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
June 2025
Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev St, Bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Nanosized polymeric micelles (PMs) with an average size of about 80 nm and moderately positive ζ potential, based on an amphiphilic poly(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-propenone)-b-polylactide (PMPP-PLA) block copolymer, were prepared. They were used as platforms for the delivery of bioactive sesquiterpene lactones from L. root extract.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChimia (Aarau)
June 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA..
In this personal perspective, hybrid-enabling technologies refer to the integration of multiple methodologies, platforms, and technologies in organic synthesis to achieve more efficient, selective and sustainable chemical reactions. These technologies often combine with traditional or classical synthetic methods towards innovative synthetic approaches to address the challenges of conventional organic synthesis. This perspective emphasizes the utilization of enabling methods, with flow chemistry at the forefront, to achieve more sustainable production of biomolecules, agrochemicals as well as pharmaceuticals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChimia (Aarau)
June 2025
School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin.
Continuous flow technology has matured into a valuable and widely exploited technology across academic and industrial laboratories. The safe and on-demand generation of reactive intermediates using miniaturized flow set-ups is of particular value to realize safer and more streamlined synthesis routes yielding important chemical building blocks. This focused review provides an update on recent studies highlighting the use of photochemistry, metalation reactions and electrochemistry to generate a variety of reactive intermediates showcasing successful implementations of flow processing as well as areas offering further opportunities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
August 2025
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Gießen, Germany.
A molecular solar thermal (MOST) storage systems is based on capturing solar energy via photoisomerization, which can be released later as thermal energy. Herein, the low viscosity, green light active, 2,6-difluoroazobenzene is introduced, which can be efficiently irradiated, pumped, and handled in its neat state. Synthesis as well as isomerization can be done conveniently in a continuous flow setup.
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