Bimodal Array-Based Fluorescence Sensor and Microfluidic Technology for Protein Fingerprinting and Clinical Diagnosis.

Proteins play a crucial role in determining disease states in humans, making them prime targets for the development of diagnostic sensors. The developed sensor array is used to investigate global proteomic changes by fingerprinting multifactorial disease states in model urine simulating phenylketonuria and in serum from preeclamptic pregnant women. Here, we report a fluorescence-based chemical sensing array that exploits the host-guest interaction between cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) and fluorescent triphenylamine derivatives (TPA) to detect a range of proteins. Using linear discriminant analysis, we identify fluorescence fingerprints of 14 proteins with over 98% accuracy in buffer and human serum. The array is optimized on an automated droplet microfluidic-based platform, for high-throughput sensing with controlled composition and lower sample volumes. This sensor enables the discrimination of proteins in physiological buffer and human serum, with promising applications in disease diagnosis.