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http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.124.049321 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Med Res
September 2025
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate gene expression in response to metabolic, hormonal, and environmental signals. These receptors play a critical role in metabolic homeostasis, inflammation, immune function, and disease pathogenesis, positioning them as key therapeutic targets. This review explores the mechanistic roles of NRs such as PPARs, FXR, LXR, and thyroid hormone receptors (THRs) in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, energy expenditure, cardiovascular health, and neurodegeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
September 2025
Department of Mathematics, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str.48, Kaiserslautern, 67663, Germany.
We study the dynamics of coexisting influenza and SARS-CoV-2 by adapting a well-established age-specific COVID-19 model to a multi-pathogen framework. Sensitivity analysis and adjustment of the model to real-world data are used to investigate the influence of age-related factors on disease dynamics. Our findings underscore the critical role that transmission rates play in shaping the spread of influenza and COVID-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Psychiatry
September 2025
Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Early-life experiences shape neural networks, with heightened plasticity during the so-called "sensitive periods" (SP). SP are regulated by the maturation of GABAergic parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons, which become enwrapped by perineuronal nets (PNNs) over time, modulating SP closure. Additionally, the opening and closing of SP are orchestrated by two distinct gene clusters known as "trigger" and "brake".
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol
September 2025
Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Enteric dopaminergic signalling has a critical role in gastrointestinal motility, maintaining mucosal integrity and modulating the gut microbiome. In this Review, we provide an overview of dopamine metabolism and signalling pathways in the central nervous system and periphery and their effects on gastrointestinal health and disease. We describe the physiological role of enteric dopamine, including a discussion of therapeutic opportunities and future research needs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Plants
September 2025
Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah, University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Drylands are highly vulnerable to global-scale aridity thresholds that cause drastic reductions in their productivity. While protected areas may help buffer against the impact of aridification, their effectiveness in mitigating the aridity thresholds across global drylands remains virtually unknown. Here we assembled a global dataset of drylands and found that highly protected areas, which include national parks and wilderness areas, can buffer the emergence of aridity thresholds in ecosystem productivity by up to 0.
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