Category Ranking
98%
Total Visits
921
Avg Visit Duration
2 minutes
Citations
20
Article Abstract
This review, focused on hybrid drugs, is the third in a series of reviews, where the first two reviews dealt with a) dimeric drugs, b) mutual prodrugs - codrugs. The compounds designated as hybrids are comprised of two (and sometimes three) biologically active entities, linked by metabolically stable bridges. In some cases, one of the two components of the hybrids serves as a carrier for the second component, and most frequently, the components elicit their individual biological properties, which are commonly synergistic or complementary. Due to the very large number of publications dealing with hybrid drugs, the present review is restricted to hybrids acting in the central nervous system. Future reviews will cover fields such as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiviral hybrids, and cardiovascular active hybrids. The selected articles reviewed herein were published between the years 2000-2022 with partial coverage of the year 2023.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0109298673305662240702071354 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Effects of the Probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus DM163 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii DPUL-F36 on Anxiety-Related and Emotional Behaviors in Male Wistar Rats Under an Altered Light-Dark Cycle.
Brain Behav
September 2025
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Introduction: Anxiety and stress are prevalent mental health issues. Traditional drug treatments often come with unwanted side effects and may not produce the desired results. As an alternative, probiotics are being used as a treatment option due to their lack of specific side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF14-3-3 Proteins Negatively Regulate Microglial Activation via Inhibition of the NF-κB Pathway.
J Neurochem
September 2025
Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), and Parkinson's disease (PD). 14-3-3 proteins act as molecular hubs to regulate protein-protein interactions, which are involved in numerous cellular functions, including cellular signaling, protein folding, and apoptosis. We previously revealed decreased 14-3-3 levels in the brains of human subjects with neurodegenerative diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Rare Presentation of Dizziness: Vestibular Testing in Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration.
J Am Acad Audiol
September 2025
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a rare neurological disorder caused by tumor-mediated antibodies targeting the cerebellum, often leading to irreversible cerebellar damage. The most common antibody implicated in PCD is anti-Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody type-1, associated with malignancies such as breast, gynecological, and lung cancers. Symptoms often include dizziness, imbalance, progressive ataxia, and other cerebellar signs/symptoms, but early presentations may mimic acute vestibular syndrome, thus complicating diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasitic infections of the central nervous system (CNS) represent a considerable health burden in low- and middle-income countries. During chronic disease, parasites modulate host immunity to ensure long-term persistence while limiting collateral tissue damage. A key feature of this immune remodeling is the progressive T-cell dysfunction that may culminate in T-cell exhaustion, characterized by increased expression of inhibitory receptors (TIM-3, LAG-3, KLRG1), checkpoint molecules (PD-1, PD-L1), suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1), and arginase-1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Devoid of a lymphatic system, the central nervous system (CNS) relies primarily on innate immunity for protection. While these immune responses help to fight pathogens, they can also cause irreversible damage because of the CNS's limited regenerative capacity. Therefore, it is crucial to understand which CNS cells contribute to pathogen clearance but in doing so potentially damage surrounding tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF