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Wnt morphogens induce signaling via binding their extracellular receptors. Here, we discuss several recent structural studies showing how Wnts engage their receptors frizzled (FZD) and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6 (LRP5/6), how Cachd1 has been shown as an alternative initiator of Wnt signaling, and how lipidated Wnt may be produced and secreted from the cell.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2024.09.007 | DOI Listing |
Elife
July 2025
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV- UMR7009), Villefranche-sur-mer, France.
Body axis specification is a crucial event in animal embryogenesis and was an essential evolutionary innovation for founding the animal kingdom. This process involves two distinct components that coordinate to establish the spatial organisation of the embryo: initiation of cascades of regionalised gene expression and orientation of morphogenetic processes such as body elongation. Intense interest in the first component has revealed Wnt/β-catenin signalling as ancestrally responsible for initiating regional gene expression, but the evolutionary origin of oriented morphogenesis has received little attention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Pathol
April 2025
University of California San Francisco, USA. Electronic address:
Background: The distinction of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) from well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (WD-HCC) in noncirrhotic liver can be challenging. High-grade dysplastic nodule (HGDN) in cirrhosis can have overlapping features with WD-HCC. In some cases, HCA diagnosis is evident but glutamine synthetase (GS) staining is indeterminate for β-catenin activation, which does not allow reliable risk assessment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElife
April 2025
School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
Cichlid fishes inhabiting the East African Great Lakes, Victoria, Malawi, and Tanganyika, are textbook examples of parallel evolution, as they have acquired similar traits independently in each of the three lakes during the process of adaptive radiation. In particular, 'hypertrophied lip' has been highlighted as a prominent example of parallel evolution. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Biol
March 2025
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
Background: The post-anal tail is a common physical feature of vertebrates including mammals. Although it exhibits rich phenotypic diversity, its development has been evolutionarily conserved as early as the embryonic period. Genes participating in embryonic tail morphogenesis have hitherto been widely explored on the basis of experimental discovery, whereas the associated cis-regulatory elements (CREs) have not yet been systematically investigated for vertebrate/mammalian tail development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomol Struct Dyn
January 2025
Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Cancer sparks if the components of the cellular signaling network are aberrantly activated, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. One of the most important players of this highly regulated network is the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, with a significant role in human health and disease. The critical co-receptor of this pathway, LRP6, is overexpressed in various cancer types and is a target for therapy.
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