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The primary purpose of this practical overview is to provide a practical update on appropriate nutritional strategies to improve growth in preterm infants. Current recommendations for improving preterm growth concern both macronutrients and micronutrients, with tailored nutrition since the first days of life, particularly when fetal growth restriction has been reported. Human milk is undoubtedly the best nutrition for all newborns, but, in some populations, if not adequately fortified, it does not adequately support their growth. In all preterms, growth should be correctly monitored weekly to intercept a negative trend of growth and implement nutritional strategies to avoid growth restriction. Similarly, growth should be accurately supported and monitored after discharge to improve long-term health consequences.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1449022 | DOI Listing |
Background: Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) is a predominant hospital-acquired bacterium leading to late-onset sepsis in preterm infants. Recent findings have suggested that postnatal S. epidermidis infection is associated with short-term neurodevelopmental consequences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Physiol
August 2025
Department of Ultrasound, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China.
Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a major immune-related disorder that leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO), including recurrent miscarriage, placental abruption, preterm birth, and fetal growth restriction. Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs), particularly anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GP1), and lupus anticoagulant (LA), are considered key biomarkers for APS and are closely associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This is a prospective observational cohort study to use machine learning model to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes in APS patients using early pregnancy aPL levels and clinical features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
September 2025
Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Importance: Exposure to inflammation from chorioamnionitis places the fetus at higher risk of premature birth and may increase the risk of neurodevelopmental impairments, though the evidence for the latter is mixed.
Objective: To evaluate whether moderate to severe histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA) is directly associated with adverse motor performance, independent of the indirect mediating effects of premature birth.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective, population-based cohort study recruited participants between September 16, 2016, and November 19, 2019, from referral and nonreferral neonatal intensive care units of 5 southwestern Ohio hospitals.
AJP Rep
July 2025
Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
Preeclampsia is a multiorgan vascular disease complicating approximately 8.5 million pregnancies worldwide annually and is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal mortality. The impact is especially severe in Latin America, where maternal deaths attributable to preeclampsia are 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Pulm Med
September 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University.
Purpose Of Review: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) encompasses a spectrum of disorders ranging from snoring to complete upper airway collapse and cessation of respiration leading to oxygen desaturation and sleep fragmentation. SDB is highly prevalent in the pregnant population, particularly predisposed to SDB because of physiological changes such as hormonal changes, changes to body habitus, and respiratory mechanics due to the gravid uterus.
Recent Findings: The disorder has been associated with adverse maternal outcomes in pregnancy such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, impaired glucose metabolism, severe maternal cardiovascular morbidity, and long-term morbidity, as well as maternal mental health conditions with potential societal consequences.