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In the real world, individuals are often involved in collaboration on multiple issues, and these issues may interact with each other. Given the complexity of the interaction, we establish a multi-issue repeated game model, in which individuals participate in multiple social dilemma games simultaneously and repeatedly, and strategies in different issue games are correlated and reactive. We explore the cooperation dynamics of strategies in the population from a multiobjective perspective, in which an individual's preference for each issue is described by a weight vector, and heterogeneous preferences of individuals in the population are also considered. Through simulations on two-issue games, we find that compared to the uncorrelated case, the correlated strategy can significantly promote cooperation in both games regardless of which issue players prefer. Under the condition of homogeneous preference, an increase in the payoff weight of a given issue decreases the level of cooperation in that issue, and the optimal condition to sustain cooperation to the maximum extent is when the payoff weights of all issues are equal. Moreover, under the condition of heterogeneous preference, there exists an optimal proportion of players with different preferences under which the cooperation rate can reach its highest level in the population. This work highlights individual trade-offs on different issues when engaging in multiple games simultaneously and further enriches the research of evolutionary games from a multiobjective and correlated strategy perspective.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.024307 | DOI Listing |
J Crohns Colitis
September 2025
Université de Paris, INSERM U1342, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
Background And Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), remain heterogeneous disorders with variable response to biologics. Post-operative recurrence in CD is common despite surgery and prophylactic biotherapies. Understanding the inflammatory mediators associated with recurrence and treatment response could pave the way for personalized strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nephrol
September 2025
Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishi-cho 36-1, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan.
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health concern; kidney size correlates with kidney function, except in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), where the kidney enlarges, limiting morphological measurement applications in CKD management. However, cortical size changes in DKD along with CKD progression remain understudied. We investigated kidney morphology alterations in patients with and without diabetes and established a regression equation for kidney function incorporating morphological alterations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Invest Dermatol
September 2025
Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine of University of South California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:
This review examines the roles of galectins, a family of animal lectins, in inflammatory skin diseases, focusing on their involvement in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and common autoimmune diseases. We highlight the differential expression of galectins in lesional skin and their correlation with inflammatory mediators. In addition, we summarize the functions and mechanisms of action of endogenous galectins, as revealed through studies of genetically engineered cell lines and experimental animals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Dis
September 2025
Cornell University, Plant Pathology & Plant-Microbe Biology, Geneva, New York, United States;
Septoria leaf spot, caused by the fungal pathogen , is a common disease of field-grown hemp ( L.). The development of disease-resistant cultivars presents a promising strategy for managing this disease.
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