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The concept of submucosal space, or rather the "third space", located between the intact mucosal flap and the muscularis propria layer of the gastrointestinal tract, represents a tunnel that the endoscopist could use to perform interventions in the muscularis propria layer or breech it to enter the mediastinum or the peritoneal cavity without full thickness perforation. The tunnel technique can be used both for the removal of mucosal tumours, called endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD), for the removal of subepithelial tumours (SELs), called submucosal tunnelling endoscopic resection (STER), and for the removal of extra-luminal lesions (for example in the mediastinum or in the rectum), called submucosal tunnelling endoscopic resection for extraluminal tumours (STER-ET). Aim of this updated narrative review, is to summarize the evidences that analyses indications, and outcomes of tunnelling techniques for the treatment of above mentioned lesions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101931 | DOI Listing |
Pediatr Nephrol
September 2025
Pediatric Urology Unit, "Santobono-Pausilipon" Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy.
Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is indicated for evaluating the anatomy of the urethra and bladder. It is primarily used to diagnose vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and posterior urethral valves (PUV), especially in cases of febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs), significant ureteral dilation on ultrasound, and-in continent children-urinary symptoms suggestive of infravesical obstruction. VCUG exposes children to a non-negligible dose of radiation and requires urethral catheterization, which can be painful-particularly in males-and carries a low but present risk of post-procedural UTI.
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September 2025
Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Via Nicolò Giustiniani, 35100, Padua, Italy.
Introduction: Brachytherapy has been used for the multimodal treatment of pediatric bladder-prostate rhabdomyosarcoma in the last two decades. The aim of this systematic review is to gather the current evidence about this innovative technique with a special focus on long-term outcomes.
Methods: According to PRISMA criteria, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for papers published between 2000 and 2022.
Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev
September 2025
Phase I Clinical Research Centre, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, China.
Tamsulosin is a highly selective α1A adrenergic receptor antagonist that can relax smooth muscles in the urethra, bladder neck, and prostate and improve urinary disorders. It is therefore widely used to treat lower urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia. The aim of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics and bioequivalence of 2 different formulations (tamsulosin sustained-release tablets and tamsulosin sustained-release capsules) in healthy Chinese subjects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
August 2025
Agriculture Extension, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, PAK.
Background: Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological condition in aging men, often requiring surgical intervention for symptom relief.
Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and complication profile of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients with BOO.
Methodology: This descriptive observational study was conducted at the Department of Urology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, and Akhtar Saeed Trust Hospital, Lahore, from August 2022 to July 2024.
Eur J Neurosci
September 2025
Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
Pelvic visceromotor functions such as micturition are regulated by coordinated autonomic and somatic motor pathways from the central nervous system. The parasympathetic system induces detrusor muscle contraction while the somatic system facilitates relaxation of the external urethral sphincter, ensuring synchronized and efficient bladder emptying during the voiding process. This study explores the relationship between Barrington's nucleus corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-ergic projections and the formation of perineural nets (PNNs) among spinal motoneurons, particularly parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the intermediolateral nucleus (IML) and Onuf's nucleus during the maturation of the neural circuitry controlling pelvic visceromotor functions.
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