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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2024.07.027 | DOI Listing |
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins
September 2025
Operational Research Centre in Healthcare, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Probiotics are live beneficial microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts, have gained considerable scientific and commercial interest for their ability to support gut health, strengthen immunity, and reduce disease risk. This review traces the genesis of probiotic science from its origins in traditional fermented foods to contemporary clinical applications, offering a conceptual understanding of its evolution. A clear distinction is drawn between endogenous probiotics, naturally resident in the human microbiome, and exogenous probiotics, introduced via dietary supplements and functional foods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Surg
September 2025
Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Objective: The objective of this study was to systematically explore how culture has been conceptualized, investigated, and measured within general surgery residency training programs.
Summary Background Data: Research on the culture of general surgery residency training programs has primarily focused on examining individual parameters, such as mistreatment and burnout, rather than comprehensively analyzing the overall culture, climate, or learning environment.
Methods: Five databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo) were searched.
Nano Lett
September 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
Seamless integration of active devices into photonic integrated circuits remains a challenge due to the limited accessibility of the optical field in conventional waveguides, which tightly confine light within their cores. In this study, we propose a two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin waveguide as a photonic platform that enables efficient interaction between guided light and surface-mounted devices by supporting optical modes dominated by evanescent fields. We show that the guided light in a monolayer MoS film propagates over millimeter-scale distances with more than 99.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Med Educ Pract
September 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, 16132, Italy.
The reduction in clinical rotation hours, particularly in high-demand pediatric subspecialties such as Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) and Pediatric Emergency Rooms (ER), has highlighted the need for innovative approaches to enhance pediatric residency education. A 2019 survey of Italian pediatric residency programs revealed that most residents receive fewer than five hours of simulation-based training annually, with 66% participating in no simulation activities. Additionally, pediatric ER rotation hours have seen significant reductions-daytime rotations decreased by 29%, while nighttime rotations were reduced by 60% over the past four years at the University of Genoa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Res Protoc
September 2025
Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.
Background: In the United States, cancer is more prevalent in racial and ethnic minority groups and in rural-dwelling and low-income people. Compared with White people of non-Hispanic descent, Black and African American people have higher cancer mortality and Hispanic people are more likely to be diagnosed with infection-related cancers. In addition, people who live in persistent poverty areas are more vulnerable to cancer mortality.
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