rPagSP02+rPagSP06 recombinant salivary antigen is a reliable biomarker for evaluating exposure to Phlebotomus argentipes in Sri Lanka.

is the established vector of leishmaniasis in the Indian sub-continent. Antibodies to sand fly salivary antigens are biomarkers for vector-host exposure in leishmaniasis-endemic regions. transmits in Sri Lanka, primarily causing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Our study compared the performance of salivary gland homogenate (SGH) from a lab-reared local strain of females to a composite recombinant salivary biomarker (rPagSP02 + rPagSP06) in a CL-endemic population. Sera from 546 healthy individuals, 30 CL patients, and 15 non-endemic individuals were collected. Western blot analysis of . SGH identified immunogenic bands between 15 kDa and 67 kDa, with bands of predicted molecular weight õf 15 kDa (SP02) and ~28-30 kDa (SP06) as the major antibody targets. Indirect ELISAs using SGH or rPagSP02 + rPagSP06 antigens showed high sensitivity (96.7%) and specificity (100%), detecting comparable seropositivity in endemic populations. rPagSP02 + rPagSP06 exhibited enhanced discriminatory ability, supported by a strong positive correlation (r = 0.869) with SGH. Our findings indicate that the composite rPagSP02 + rPagSP06 salivary biomarker effectively identifies exposure in individuals living in Sri Lanka, showing promising potential for use in surveillance. These findings should be further validated to confirm the epidemiological applications in leishmaniasis-endemic regions.