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In breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis models, normal cells acquire somatic mutations and there is a stepwise progression from high-risk lesions and ductal carcinoma in situ to invasive cancer. The precancer biology of mammary tissue warrants better characterization to understand how different BC subtypes emerge. Primary methods for BC prevention or risk reduction include lifestyle changes, surgery, and chemoprevention. Surgical intervention for BC prevention involves risk-reducing prophylactic mastectomy, typically performed either synchronously with the treatment of a primary tumor or as a bilateral procedure in high-risk women. Chemoprevention with endocrine therapy carries adherence-limiting toxicity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hoc.2024.05.014 | DOI Listing |
World J Surg Oncol
September 2025
Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
Purpose: We reviewed recent advancements in the characterization of intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasm (IOPN) of the pancreas, with a specific focus on developments in immunohistochemical markers, molecular pathology, and pathogenic mechanisms over the past ten years (2015-2024). Through comprehensive analysis of current literature, we aimed to elucidate the evolving understanding of IOPN's biological behavior and diagnostic features, while identifying potential areas for future research in this distinctive pancreatic neoplasm.
Methods: English-language articles on IOPN were searched from Pubmed from the first report of IOPN of the pancreas in 2015 to 2024.
Cancer Lett
September 2025
Department of Cell, Development and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA; Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Gemcitabine, a ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) inhibitor, is active in pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC) patients, but unfortunately has a limited impact on long term outcomes. Gemcitabine induces nucleotide deficiency, DNA damage including single stranded DNA (ssDNA) and replication stress (RS). DNA damage can activate cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), leading to genome instability, micronucleus generation, and immune activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGigascience
January 2025
Center for Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common and aggressive form of pancreatic cancer, exhibits profound intratumor morphological heterogeneity, complicating the elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms driving its progression.
Results: We present and validate an optimized framework for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of multiple spatially resolved laser micro-dissected tumor areas (LMD-seq), along with methodological and analytical details to maximize reproducibility and data mining. This approach enhances sensitivity in detecting lowly expressed genes, outperforming single-cell RNA-seq methods, particularly in identifying rare tumor cell populations and transcriptional programs with low expression.
Front Med (Lausanne)
August 2025
Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
"Primary neuroendocrine breast carcinoma (NEBC) is an underdiagnosed subtype of breast cancer, which includes small cell (SCNEC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC). Accurate diagnosis remains challenging given their low incidence; misclassification as invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (IBC-NST), invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), or a metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma may occur. Cases with any component of adenocarcinoma and well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors were excluded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cell Commun Signal
September 2025
Department of Anatomy School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar China.
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a noninvasive precursor of breast cancer with a high potential for progression. Aberrant DNA methylation plays a pivotal role in early tumorigenesis, yet the regulatory mechanisms remain incompletely defined. Integrated bioinformatic analysis of methylation and transcriptomic datasets identified miR-217 as a candidate regulator of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1).
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