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Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represents the most significant breakthrough in the HIV prevention field over the past decade. PrEP is an effective strategy in preventing the transmission of HIV across all populations, providing high adherence. The current PrEP options include oral daily and on-demand tenofovir-based regimens, long-acting injections of cabotegravir, and a 1-month dapivirine vaginal ring. As a component of a multifaceted prevention approach, extensive deployment of PrEP holds the promise to significantly reduce the global HIV epidemic. Nonetheless, barriers still exist in terms of uptake, adherence, and persistence, while disparities in PrEP accessibility remain a concern.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2024.04.003 | DOI Listing |
AIDS Behav
September 2025
College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
In the U.S., HIV diagnoses have remained steady over the past decade - despite the availability of condoms and pre-exposure prophylaxis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Public Health
August 2025
MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Introduction: HIV-negative adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), and men (ABYM), have disproportionately high HIV incidence in many African countries. We used a new HIV Prevention Cascade (HPC) approach to quantify levels of, and barriers to, prevention method use to guide interventions to increase effective uptake of primary HIV prevention.
Methods: Data from the Manicaland HPC pilot study (2018-19; n=9803) in Zimbabwe were used to measure levels of sexual risk behaviour and construct HPCs for male condom, pre-exposure prophylaxis (females), voluntary medical male circumcision (males) and combination prevention use by HIV-negative sexually active AGYW (15-24 years) and male partners (15-29 years).
Cureus
August 2025
Vascular Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, GBR.
Background Fasting during the month of Ramadan is practiced by over a billion Muslims worldwide. This religious observance, which involves complete abstention from food and fluids during daylight hours, may contribute to dehydration and increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), particularly in hot climates. Despite this theoretical concern, limited clinical evidence exists on the actual incidence and risk of VTE associated with prolonged fasting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Reprod Health
August 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Introduction: HIV risk perception is seen as a key motivation for individuals to use biomedical HIV prevention interventions, including pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We determined HIV risk perception and associated factors among pregnant and breastfeeding women in Lusaka, Zambia.
Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional study among pregnant and breastfeeding women not living with HIV in a hospital setting in Lusaka, Zambia.
Transfusion
September 2025
Medical Affairs and Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Introduction: Donors are deferred if they are on antiretroviral medications (ARV) as post-exposure or pre-exposure prophylaxis (PEP or PrEP) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We assessed donor compliance by measuring ARV levels in selected anonymized donor samples collected from September 22, 2022 to December 31, 2024, almost all after the introduction of sexual risk behavior screening.
Methods: EDTA plasma samples collected at the time of donation (retention samples) were retrieved, frozen, and shipped for measurement of tenofovir and emtricitabine.