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http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00234-24 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
August 2025
Department of Medical Services, Alembic Pharmaceuticals Limited, Mumbai, IND.
Introduction Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are commonly encountered in primary care. Azithromycin has emerged as a preferred therapy for URTIs due to its once-daily dosing, low resistance risk, and favorable gastrointestinal tolerability. This study evaluated the real-world effectiveness and safety of azithromycin (500 mg/day) in moderate to severe acute URTIs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet
September 2025
Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool. Electronic address:
Enteric fever, caused by the human-restricted bacteria Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (typhoid) and Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A, B, and C (paratyphoid), affects persons residing in, or travelling from, areas lacking safe water, sanitation, and hygiene infrastructure. Transmission is by the faecal-oral route. A gradual fever onset over 3-7 days with malaise, headache, and myalgia is typical.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioorg Chem
September 2025
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shandong Key Laboratory of Druggability Optimization and Evaluation for Lead Compounds, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, PR China. Electronic address:
A series of novel 3,3-dimethyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole derivatives were rationally designed, synthesized and evaluated for their biological activity as AcrB inhibitors. The compounds were assessed for their antibiotic potentiating effects, followed by evaluation of Nile Red efflux inhibition, and off-target effects including activity on the outer and inner bacterial membranes. Ten compounds potentiated antibiotic activity at sub-inhibitory concentrations, reducing the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of at least one of the tested antibiotics by at least 8-fold, with three derivatives (7c, 11g, and 11i) achieving 32-fold MIC reductions at 128 μg/mL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfect Drug Resist
August 2025
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Red Cross Hospital (People's Hospital of Jiangbei District), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
Objective: To comprehensively investigate the epidemiology and analyze the antimicrobial resistance of Haemophilus influenzae isolated from children in Chongqing before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A total of 21,723 Haemophilus influenzae strains from four Chongqing hospitals during 2019-2024 were included. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2024 breakpoints using Kirby-Bauer method or automated systems.
Trials
September 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Copenhagen Respiratory Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark.
Background: Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) is frequently used for COPD. Based on the considerable adverse effects and the knowledge that many such patients do not gain benefit from this treatment, it remains unresolved whether ICS treatment can be managed with lower doses, or via an ICS-sparing strategy with periods with and without this medicine. The blood eosinophil count is a useful biomarker for steroid-responsive airway inflammation, and we want to investigate whether an individualized and eosinophil-guided approach on ICS treatment reduces ICS over-treatment and side effects.
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