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Changes in leaf temperature are known to drive stomatal responses, because the leaf-to-air water vapour gradient (Δw) increases with temperature if ambient vapour pressure is held constant, and stomata respond to changes in Δw. However, the direct response of stomata to temperature (DRST; the response when Δw is held constant by adjusting ambient humidity) has been examined far less extensively. Though the meagre available data suggest the response is usually positive, results differ widely and defy broad generalisation. As a result, little is known about the DRST. This review discusses the current state of knowledge about the DRST, including numerous hypothesised biophysical mechanisms, potential implications of the response for plant adaptation, and possible impacts of the DRST on plant-atmosphere carbon and water exchange in a changing climate.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pce.14911 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
September 2025
Department of Construction Technology & Management, Woldia University, Woldia City, Ethiopia.
This study investigates how adjusting operational parameters influences the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine operating on a blend of traditional diesel fuel and mahua biodiesel. The biodiesel was obtained using the transesterification method, and fuel blends were formulated with diesel proportions ranging from 80% to 100% and biodiesel content from 0% to 20%. Key engine parameters such as engine load (20 -100%), mahua biodiesel blend (0 -20%), and engine speed (1300 -1450 rpm) were varied systematically during the experiments, while the compression ratio was held constant at 18:1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOlder adulthood is associated with declines across a wide range of cognitive functions, limiting the ability to perform tasks necessary for independent living. Changes in cognitive flexibility are a promising candidate mechanism underlying age-related changes in cognition, but the causes of inflexibility in older adulthood remain elusive. Here we focus on a core feature of flexible cognition: the ability to rapidly transition between different cognitive states when required to do so by changes in the environment or our goals (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk Manag Healthc Policy
August 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Purpose: This study evaluates the effectiveness of motorcycle ambulances (motorlances) in delivering emergency medical response at the Khon Kaen International Marathon (KKIM), Thailand, over a three-year period (2023-2025).
Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of emergency medical service (EMS) data from three consecutive annual Khon Kaen International Marathons held on January 28-29, 2023; January 13-14, 2024; and January 11-12, 2025. Data including EMS operation intervals, clinical interventions carried out, and patient outcomes were collected from EMS patient care documents, organized by Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand during the marathon events.
Genomics Inform
September 2025
Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for survival models to assess risk factors and time-dependent effects in infectious diseases. However, the Cox proportional hazards (PH) model, which assumes constant covariate effects, struggles to capture disease dynamics. This underscores the need for advanced models that incorporate time-dependent coefficients and covariates for improved accuracy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNurs Rep
August 2025
Department of Applied Psychology, University of Derby, Kedleston Rd., Derby DE22 1GB, UK.
Parents of individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) often carry significant emotional and relational burdens, yet their voices remain underrepresented in addiction research. This study explores how Greek parents navigate the long-term challenges of caring for adult children with SUDs, with a focus on emotional strain, caregiving identity, and culturally embedded coping strategies within a collectivist context. Eight Greek parents (six mothers and two fathers, aged 47-60) participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews.
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