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The COVID-19 outbreak was a global pandemic with wide-ranging healthcare implications. Although several mRNA-based vaccines delivered using lipid nanoparticles (LNP) have been approved and demonstrated efficacy at reducing the severity and spread of infection, continued rapid viral evolution and disadvantages currently associated with LNP delivery vehicles (such as toxicity) are driving the design of next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Herein, we describe the development of a trimethylated chitosan-based nanoparticle layer-by-layer (LbL) delivery platform for multiple antigens as a scalable and safe COVID-19 vaccine, known as, "LbL-CoV19". These vaccine candidates have been demonstrated to be biocompatible, safe, and effective at stimulating both humoral and cellular responses for protection in preclinical studies. Preliminary results also indicate that LbL-CoV19 can potentially achieve rapid, long-lasting, and broad protection against the SARS-CoV-2 challenge. The "plug-and-play" platform technology is well suited to preparedness for future pandemics and disease outbreaks.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12030339 | DOI Listing |
J Clin Invest
September 2025
The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States of America.
Background: Following SARS-CoV-2 infection, ~10-35% of COVID-19 patients experience long COVID (LC), in which debilitating symptoms persist for at least three months. Elucidating biologic underpinnings of LC could identify therapeutic opportunities.
Methods: We utilized machine learning methods on biologic analytes provided over 12-months after hospital discharge from >500 COVID-19 patients in the IMPACC cohort to identify a multi-omics "recovery factor", trained on patient-reported physical function survey scores.
Minerva Dent Oral Sci
September 2025
Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India.
The COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in India, continues to pose a major threat to public health owing to the large number of patients that remain affected. The second wave of COVID-19 has brought with it several opportunistic diseases caused by bacteria and fungi, including mucormycosis, which is a well-known fungal infection primarily encountered in immunocompromised individuals through inhalation. In recent times, mucormycosis has become increasingly common in COVID-19 patients, particularly those with comorbidities such as diabetes, and has been observed to induce secondary infections as it spreads with COVID-19 treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAllergol Immunopathol (Madr)
September 2025
Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association between allergic reactions after COVID-19 vaccination and the history of high-risk allergy, individual predisposing factors such as age and gender, and COVID-19 vaccine type.
Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 234 adult patients (18 years old and above) who underwent a COVID-19 vaccine allergy test up until February 2023 in a Clinic of Allergy and Clinical Immunology in the University Clinical Center of Kosovo. All patients suspected of allergy underwent skin testing: SPT (skin prick test) and IDT (intradermal test) using either an mRNA (ribonucleic messenger acid) vaccine (BNT162b2, Pfizer-BioNTech) and/or an adenoviral vector vaccine (AZD1222, AstraZeneca).
Introduction: Vaccinations are vital for global health; however, since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, there has been a notable decline in maternal vaccine acceptance in Wales, UK. It is a key part of a midwife's role to promote vaccine uptake in pregnancy. Therefore, gaining an understanding of midwives' perceptions of the issue is crucial for identifying factors influencing vaccine uptake in Wales.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
August 2025
Clinical Microbiology, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, IND.
Since its discovery, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has become the epicenter of public health concern. This was mainly attributed to the complexity of COVID-19 that resulted in variable disease progression with some developing asymptomatic infections, some suffering mild to moderate infections that resolved without the need for hospitalizations, and a few infected persons developing severe infections that required intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation. The COVID-19 pandemic spread globally, affecting billions of people and killing millions.
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