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Objectives: To describe the clinical and radiographic oro-dental characteristics of patients with pycnodysostosis (PDO).
Materials & Methods: A short interview and clinical examination of seven patients with PDO were performed as well as assessment of the temporomandibular joints and masticatory muscles using the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders, DC-TMD form. A full set of records were taken including photos and intraoral scan. Finally, existing cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and radiographs were also studied.
Results: All patients presented with bimaxillary micrognathia, five had a convex profile, and two had a straight profile. In addition, posterior open bite, Angle Class III molar relation with accompanying anterior crossbite and a grooved median palate were common findings. No patient showed symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) apart from some clicking. Finally, the main radiographic findings were the obtuse mandibular angle, the frontal bossing, the elongation of the coronoid/condylar process and the presence of hypercementosis with obliterated pulp chambers.
Conclusion: The examined patients with PDO were characterized by dental crowding, malocclusion (anterior crossbite, posterior open bite), hypercementosis, obliterated pulp chambers and deviations in mandibular morphology. In conclusion, patients with PDO have a specific need for dental and orthodontic monitoring with focus on crowding and posterior open bite. The patients will benefit from a long-term orthodontic plan including extractions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ocr.12782 | DOI Listing |
Gut Liver
September 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Background/aims: Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are promising preclinical models that replicate critical tumor features. However, intratumoral heterogeneity challenges the clinical utility of PDOs, especially in capturing diverse tumor cell subpopulations.
Methods: Single-cell transcriptomics was used to analyze PDOs from distinct sites within a single gastric cancer tumor, aiming to assess their ability to reflect intratumoral heterogeneity.
J Exp Clin Cancer Res
September 2025
Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
Background: A significant challenge in bladder cancer treatment is primary chemoresistance, in which cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a pivotal role. While the contributions of CAFs to tumor progression and drug resistance are well established, the precise molecular mechanisms by which they induce chemoresistance remain unclear. A comprehensive understanding of the effect of TME modulation-particularly through CAFs-on the chemotherapeutic response is crucial for developing effective strategies to overcome chemoresistance and improve patient survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAPL Bioeng
September 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China.
The achievement of pathological complete response (pCR) with neoadjuvant therapy can significantly improve prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (GC). GC tissues demonstrating pCR after immunotherapy exhibited increased stiffness and proliferation of fibroblasts within the stroma. Specific subpopulation cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may serve as potential markers for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Chem
August 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Clinical Drug Discovery & Development, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seou
Cancer, driven by mitochondrial and nuclear DNA mutations, presents opportunities for targeted therapies. Gastric cancer (GC), the 4th leading cause of cancer-related deaths, has poor prognosis due to cancer stem cells (CSCs), which depend on mitochondrial complex II (CII) respiration. Among CSC-enriched subtypes, the aggressive stem-like/EMT/Mesenchymal (SEM) GC subtype exhibits high plasticity, chemotherapy resistance, and metabolic adaptations that promote tumor survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Res
August 2025
University College London, London, United Kingdom.
γδ T cells can kill cancer cells via antibody-independent cytotoxicity (AIC) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). A better understanding of how these cytotoxic mechanisms are impacted by different cancer cells and different T cell donors could help identify improved immunotherapeutic strategies. To test the combinatorial interactions between T cell inter-donor heterogeneity (IDH), cancer cell inter-tumor heterogeneity (ITH), and multimodal γδ T cell killing, we performed a systematic single-cell phenoscaping analysis of >1,000 cultures of γδ T cells and colorectal cancer (CRC) patient-derived organoids (PDO).
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