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Background: The tumor immune microenvironment is distinct between early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer, which facilitates tumor progression. We previously identified several genes, including complement factor D, as having increased expression in patients with early-onset colorectal cancer.
Objective: This study aimed to assess and validate the differential expression of immune genes in early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer. We also aimed to test known drugs targeting genes increased in early-onset colorectal cancer in preclinical mouse models.
Design: A retrospective cohort study with analysis was performed using tumor RNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cell culture and immunohistochemistry to validate gene expression and function and in vivo preclinical tumor study to assess drug efficacy.
Settings: The Oregon Colorectal Cancer Registry was queried to identify patients with colorectal cancer.
Patients: The study included 67 patients with early-onset colorectal cancer and 54 patients with late-onset colorectal cancer.
Interventions: Preclinical animal models using the HCT-116 colon cancer cell line were treated with the complement factor D inhibitor danicopan and the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax, or with vehicle controls.
Main Outcome Measures: Elevated RNA signatures using NanoString data were evaluated by the retrospective cohort. When inhibiting these markers in the mouse preclinical model, tumor volume and weight were the main outcome measures.
Results: After updating our sample size from our previously published data, we found that complement factor D and BCL2, genes with known function and small molecule inhibitors, are elevated in patients with early-onset colorectal cancer. When inhibiting these markers with the drugs danicopan and venetoclax in a mouse model, we found that the combination of these drugs decreased tumor burden but also resulted in toxicity.
Limitations: This study is limited by a small sample size and a subcutaneous tumor model.
Conclusions: Combinatorial inhibition of early-onset associated genes complement factor D and BCL2 slows the growth of early-onset colorectal cancer in a mouse preclinical model. See Video Abstract .
Inhibicin Combinada Del Factor Dcomplementario Y Del Bcl En Casos De Cncer Colorrectal De Aparicin Temprana: ANTECEDENTES:El microambiente inmunológico del tumor es distinto entre el cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana y el de aparición tardía, lo que facilita la progresión de dicho tumor. Anteriormente identificamos varios genes, incluidos el factor D-Complementario, con una mayor expresión en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana.OBJETIVO:El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo el evaluar y validar la expresión diferenciada de genes inmunes en casos de cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana y tardía. También nos propusimos evaluar los fármacos conocidos dirigidos sobre los genes aumentados en el cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana en modelos pre-clínicos en ratones.DISEÑO:Estudio de cohortes con análisis retrospectivo utilizando el ARN tumoral procedente de cultivos celulares fijados con formalina e incluidos en parafina, y el analisis por inmunohistoquímica para validar la expresión y la función genética. Se realizó el estudio pre-clínico de los tumores in vivo para evaluar la eficacia de los fármacos.AJUSTES:Se consultó el Registro de Oregon de casos de Cáncer Colorrectal para encontrar los pacientes afectados.SUJETOS:67 pacientes con cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana y 54 pacientes con cáncer colorrectal de aparición tardía.INTERVENCIONES (SI LAS HUBIESE):Los modelos animales pre-clínicos que utilizaron la línea celular de cáncer de colon HCT-116 se trataron con el inhibidor del factor D-Complementario o Danicopan y con el inhibidor de BCL-2 o Venetoclax, ambos con control del transportador.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Se evaluaron las firmas de ARN elevadas utilizando los datos del NanoString a partir de la cohorte retrospectiva. Al inhibir estos marcadores del modelo pre-clínico en los ratones, el volumen y el peso del tumor fueron las principales medidas de resultado.RESULTADOS:Después de actualizar el tamaño de nuestra muestra a partir de datos publicados con anterioridad, encontramos que el factor D-Complementario y BCL-2, genes con función conocida e inhibidores de moléculas pequeñas, se encuentran elevados en aquellos pacientes con cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana. Al inhibir estos marcadores con los medicamentos Danicopan y Venetoclax en el modelo de ratones vivos, encontramos que la combinación de estos dos farmacos disminuyó la carga tumoral pero también produjo toxicidad.LIMITACIONES:Estudio limitado por un tamaño de muestra pequeño y el modelo de tumor subcutáneo.CONCLUSIONES:La inhibición combinada de genes asociados de aparición temprana, el factor D-Complementario y el BCL-2, enlentecen el crecimiento del cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana del modelo preclínico en ratones. (Traducción-Dr. Xavier Delgadillo ).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000003199 | DOI Listing |
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed)
September 2025
Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network, Zaragoza, Spain.
Introduction/objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. While Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs optimize perioperative care, their effect on oncologic prognosis requires further validation. This study evaluates ERAS adherence and five-year survival through a post-hoc analysis of the POWER Study.
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September 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Hassan II University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Dental Medicine, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
Background: The prognostic value of COX-2 and HER2 protein overexpression in colorectal cancer remains controversial and has not previously been evaluated in North Africa. In this study, we investigated the association between COX-2 and HER2 overexpression, clinicopathological features and patient survival.
Methods: Seventy patients with stage I-IV colon adenocarcinoma were prospectively and retrospectively included in this study between 2016 and 2021.
Gastroenterol Hepatol
August 2025
Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Althaia, Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, España.
Introduction: The use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs is common in patients undergoing elective endoscopic procedures. To minimize both bleeding and thromboembolic risks, an individualized assessment is essential. For this purpose, the Societat Catalana de Digestologia (SCD) commissioned a consensus document aimed at providing practical recommendations based on the best available evidence and expert agreement.
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August 2025
Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Aim: To develop and operationally define 'performance metrics' that characterize a reference approach to robotic multiport right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision (CME) and intracorporeal anastomosis (ICA) and to obtain evidence supporting face and content validity through a consensus meeting.
Method: Three expert colorectal surgeons with advanced minimally invasive surgical experience, a senior behavioural scientist and a colorectal surgeon with experience in performance metrics development formed the Metrics Group. Published guidelines, clinical evidence, training materials and unedited videos of robotic multiport right hemicolectomy were used to deconstruct the task-robotic right hemicolectomy with CME and ICA-into defined, observable performance units or metrics (i.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed)
August 2025
Departamento de Cirugía Colorrectal, Servicio de Cirugía y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Spain.
Surgical planning in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality and to achieve negative surgical margins. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the standard modality for local staging, has limitations when used as a tool for surgical planning. Three-dimensional imagen processing and reconstruction (3-IPR) applied to medical imaging enables precise and interactive visualization of anatomical and tumor structures, facilitating an individualized surgical strategy.
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