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Background: In the context of managing persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS), existing treatments like pharmacotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and physical rehabilitation show only moderate effectiveness. The emergence of neuromodulation techniques in PPCS management has led to debates regarding optimal stimulation parameters and their overall efficacy.
Methods: this scoping review involved a comprehensive search of PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, focusing on controlled studies examining the therapeutic potential of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques in adults with PPCS.
Results: Among the 940 abstracts screened, only five studies, encompassing 103 patients (12 to 29 per study), met the inclusion criteria. These studies assessed the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), applied to specific brain regions (i.e., the left dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex (DLPFC) or left motor cortex (M1)) for addressing cognitive and psychological symptoms, headaches, and general PPCSs. The results indicated improvements in cognitive functions with tDCS. In contrast, reductions in headache intensity and depression scores were observed with rTMS, while no significant findings were noted for general symptoms with rTMS.
Conclusion: although these pilot studies suggest promise for rTMS and tDCS in PPCS management, further research with larger-scale investigations and standardized protocols is imperative to enhance treatment outcomes for PPCS patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12020450 | DOI Listing |
Top Curr Chem (Cham)
September 2025
Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de La Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Aziridines, structurally related to epoxides, are among the most challenging and fascinating heterocycles in organic chemistry due to their increasing applications in asymmetric synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and materials science. These three-membered nitrogen-containing rings serve as key intermediates in the synthesis of chiral amines, complex molecules, and pharmaceutically relevant compounds. This review provides an overview of recent progress in catalytic asymmetric aziridination, focusing on novel methodologies, an analysis of the scope and limitations of each approach, and mechanistic insights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nephrol
September 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, John Walls' Renal Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Background: Individuals with kidney failure experience elevated cardiovascular risk, potentially worsened by the presence of sleep disordered breathing. Despite this association, prevalence of sleep apnoea, and evidence for effective treatments are poorly understood in people with kidney failure. This review examines sleep apnoea prevalence, types of sleep apnoea, and treatment interventions in people with kidney failure receiving dialysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Appl Physiol
September 2025
Department of Occupational Health, Psychology, and Sports Sciences, University of Gavle, Gävle, Sweden.
Aim: To summarize the literature on quantitative measures of physical demands in eldercare, with attention to differences between temporary and permanent workers, and to identify gaps to guide future physiological research.
Methods: We searched Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed for English and Swedish peer-reviewed studies on physical demands in eldercare. Risk of bias was assessed, and descriptive data extracted.
Nat Microbiol
September 2025
Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Microbial influence on cancer development and therapeutic response is a growing area of cancer research. Although it is known that microorganisms can colonize certain tissues and contribute to tumour initiation, the use of deep sequencing technologies and computational pipelines has led to reports of multi-kingdom microbial communities in a growing list of cancer types. This has prompted discussions on the role and scope of microbial presence in cancer, while raising the possibility of microbiome-based diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBDJ Open
September 2025
Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become increasingly integrated into dental diagnostics, particularly for detecting carious lesions. While AI offers benefits such as improved accuracy and efficiency, its use raises important ethical concerns, including transparency, patient privacy, autonomy, diversity and accountability. This scoping review aims to identify these ethical concerns using a structured ethical framework.
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