The first case of bacteremia isolated from a patient in China.

Background: is an extremely rare pathogen of human infection. This case reports bacteremia infection of , which is highly likely to result in misdiagnosis if inappropriate diagnostic method are used.

Case Presentation: A 29-year-old Chinese male patient with no underlying disease was hospitalized twice for injuries caused by a car accident. During the second hospitalization, abdominal surgery was performed and high fever developed after the surgery. A strain of was isolated from the blood and confirmed by MALDI-TOF-MS and 16S rRNA gene analysis. Finally, the patient recovered successfully by using antibiotics, fluid replacement and albumin input.

Conclusions: This is the first case of bacteremia in China. We present a brief review of the cases concerning infection in humans. , as part of the normal intestinal flora, is well known for its anti-tumor and immune regulating properties, it is rarely isolated from clinical samples. This case illustrates the potential of as a pathogen and suggests attention to the use of new and advanced methods like MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to identify rarely isolated species from clinical samples.