Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Non-ridged Versus Ridged Backslabs in Lower Limb Fractures.

Introduction Lower limb fractures frequently require immobilization with backslabs to promote healing. This study investigates a novel approach involving the incorporation of a single ridge to enhance backslab strength while maintaining cost-effectiveness. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the mechanical performance of ridged backslabs in comparison to traditional non-ridged backslabs, specifically focusing on their load-bearing capacity and cost-effectiveness when used in lower limb fractures. Methods This experimental study, conducted between January 2023 and June 2023, compares three groups of backslabs with varying layers (eight, ten, and twelve) that were fabricated, each consisting of four ridged and four non-ridged specimens. These backslabs, constructed from six-inch plaster of Paris rolls, were 190 cm in length. A three-point bending test was conducted on both groups using a Hounsfield H100KS Universal Testing Machine (Tinius Olsen Ltd., Redhill, UK), with a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min and a span distance of 190 mm between supports. Results Significant differences in mean maximum force endured were observed between the ten-layered and twelve-layered flat and ridged backslabs (p-values: 0.003 and 0.004, respectively). Ten-layered ridged backslabs exhibited a 56 N higher load-bearing capacity, while twelve-layered ridged backslabs withstood 73.9 N more force than their flat counterparts, underscoring the superior strength of ridged lower limb backslabs. Conclusion Ridged backslabs outperformed non-ridged backslabs in terms of strength when subjected to external forces. These findings support the potential adoption of ridged backslabs as a lightweight, cost-effective, and robust alternative for immobilization in lower limb fractures.